All posts by 北欧绿色邮报网

After 15 years working in the mainstream media in China, I came to Sweden to establish my family. After almost ten years of freelancing for other media, now I created this website, www.greenpost.se hoping to spread information in sustainable development, sharing life experiences with readers both in China and Sweden, serving as a bridge. I enjoy the good environment in Sweden, fresh air, clean water, blue sky and beautiful flowers. 陈雪霏，女，1966. 摩羯座，满族，出生在辽宁省凌海市，班吉塔镇，地藏寺村。兄弟姐妹6个当中最中间的一个。和二哥一样是全科人，就是哥姐弟妹都有，幸福感很强。万能血型，很容易打交道。喜欢高大上，但同情弱者，追求平等，公平正义，善良，是环保主义者，提倡节俭，从不浪费一粒粮食。创立瑞中桥绿色科技文化公司就是为中瑞绿色科技文化牵线搭桥。教育程度：英国米德赛思大学可持续发展领导力硕士，英语和国际政治双学士，文学和法学学士。新西兰坎特伯雷大学访问学者。工作经历，中国国际广播电台工作15年，驻津巴布韦两年，采访过南非总统曼德拉，津巴布韦总统穆加贝。 2008年采访过瑞典首相赖因费尔特。 2006-2010 人民网驻斯德哥尔摩特约记者。 2010-2012 新华社斯德哥尔摩报道员 2012-至今中国国际广播电台英语环球广播自由撰稿人《环球时报》，《生命时报》特约记者。《北欧时报》副社长，英文主编，《北欧绿色邮报网》社长，主编。 chenxuefei7@hotmail.com, wechat: chenxuefei7, facebook: chenxuefei7

Business, China, Chinese circle, Energy, Green-tech, Indepth, News, World News

China, France prioritize partnership in industry, energy, third-party markets

07/03/2015 北欧绿色邮报网 Leave a comment

China, France prioritize partnership in industry, energy, third-party markets

PARIS, June 30 (Greenpost) — Chinese Premier Li Keqiang on Tuesday agreed here with his French counterpart Manuel Valls on expanding cooperation in industry, energy and third party markets.

Li, who is on a four-day official visit to France, said China is willing to advance practical cooperation and cement mutual trust with France.

Li suggested that the two sides should deepen industrial cooperation in fields including aviation and space, high-speed railway, steel, nuclear, oil and hydro power while increasing added value and jointly exploring third-party markets.

The Chinese premier also noted China and France should step up their cooperation in such areas as agriculture, food, health, digital economy, ocean and polar region development as well as energy efficiency.

Meanwhile, Li called for more favorable conditions to facilitate trade and investment so as to push for a dynamic balance in bilateral trade. “China backs domestic enterprises to invest in France and welcomes French businesses to expand Chinese market with their leading technology.”

Li said the two countries should deepen financial cooperation to provide support for exploring third party markets and enhance exchanges and cooperation in supervising their banking sectors.

France is a core member of the European Union and a partner of special importance for China within the organization, Li noted. “A healthy growth of China-France ties will be exemplary for China-Europe relations.”

He urged France to continue to play an active role in this regard so as to inject new vigor into China-Europe relations.

For his part, Valls said the two countries enjoy fruitful practical cooperation and a broad prospect.

He expressed his hope that France and China could strengthen their economic dialogue and deepen their cooperation in traditional areas including nuclear energy, aviation and space, agriculture and food production while speeding up interaction in such new areas as trilateral cooperation and eco-city building.

Valls called for more two-way investment and exchanges in sectors of culture and tourism.

The French side, he said, appreciated China’s actions in tackling climate change and is grateful for its efforts in working with France to prepare for the 2015 Paris climate change conference.

Li, who arrived here from Belgium after meeting with Belgian leaders and attending the 17th China-EU leaders’ meeting, is now on an official visit to France.

During his stay, he will also pay a visit to the headquarters of the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development. Enditem

Source Xinhua

Editor Xuefei Chen Axelsson

Business, Indepth, News, World News

China, Africa to strengthen industrial cooperation

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China, Africa to strengthen industrial cooperation

ADDIS ABABA, June 30 (Greenpost) — Officials from China, Africa, and the World Bank (WB) on Tuesday pledged efforts to strengthen industrial cooperation between China and Africa to boost the continent’s economic development at a two-day investment forum held in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia.

Chinese Deputy Minister of Finance Liu Jianhua said as Chinese businesses are investing abroad and African countries are attracting foreign capital, technology, and development experience, there is huge room for cooperation.

She said China is willing to help Africa build infrastructure network, achieve industrialization by scaling up financial, technological, and human resources support to Africa.

Liu also said China will increase its cooperation with multi- lateral institutions like the WB in its engagement with Africa. She revealed that China is planning to set up a 50-million-U.S.- dollar trust fund with the WB to support infrastructure development in developing regions including Africa.

According to official statistics, China has been Africa’s largest trading partner for six consecutive years, with trade in 2014 reaching 222 billion U.S. dollars. Chinese invested a record high of 4 billion U.S. dollars in Africa last year, up 14 percent from a year earlier. At least 2,500 big and medium Chinese companies have registered to be operating in Africa, across a broad variety of sectors.

A WB report shows that Chinese investment in Africa is increasingly shifting towards the manufacturing sector as the Asian nation diversifies out of primary sectors such as agriculture and mining. Manufacturing is key to Africa’s future development, the report notes.

In his opening remarks, Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn of Ethiopia noted that his government sees the forum embodying three important themes, including Africa’s commitment to economic transformation, strong partnership between Africa and China, and the power of industrialization to deliver development results.

The Premier said China-Africa partnership, which has mutually beneficial results across Africa, has expanded rapidly and taken new momentum.

“As China-Africa trade cooperation moves into its next phase, there will be significant scope for diversification of our economies and exports, particularly into agriculture and manufacturing,” he said. “Chinese investment can be instrumental in addressing structural and logistical constraints that impact the competitiveness of African exports.”

Makthar Diop, WB Vice President for Africa, highlighted China’s experience of dedication, long-term planning, and pragmatism as three major lessons for Africa to learn in order to industrialize. He said Africa’s economy has been growing averagely 5 percent over the past decade and proved itself resilient during the 2008-2009 global economic crisis. However, the negative impacts on the economy brought by recent months’ drop of commodity prices signifies the need for Africa to diversify its economy, Diop said.

One of the key issues discussed at the forum was the role industrial parks and special economic zones play in the process of industrialization.

Since 2007, the Chinese government has been supporting six Chinese company-initiated industrial zones in Africa, located in Egypt, Zambia, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and Mauritius. Economists including WB former chief economist Justin Lin highlighted the success of this innovation especially the Eastern Industrial Park in Ethiopia for facilitating the relocation of China’s labor- intensive light manufacturing.

He said Africa, with 1.1 billion population and low labor costs, is an ideal place to relocate the light manufacturing sector of China as the trend of global value chain moves. Lin urged the governments of China and African countries to seize this opportunity that can help both China and Africa move a step up the global value chain.

Source Xinhua

Editor Xuefei Chen Axelsson

Business, Green-tech, News, World News

Cuba, China wrap up session on biotech cooperation

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Cuba, China wrap up session on biotech cooperation

HAVANA, June 30 (Greenpost) — Cuba and China Tuesday wrapped up a two-day meeting to expand cooperation in the field of biotechnology.

Participants of the 8th meeting of the Cuba-China Joint Working Group on Biotechnology reviewed progress made on existing agreements and outlined bilateral cooperation for the coming two years.

About 100 representatives from biotech and pharmaceutical companies and research institutes from both countries attended the event, which was expected to conclude with the signing of agreements between Cuban state biotech group BioCubaFarma and China’s National Development and Reform Commission (CNDR).

Cuban Vice President Miguel Diaz-Canel attended the first day of the session, where participants discussed biotech applications in five key areas: industry, sanitary regulations, health, science and neurotechnology and agriculture.

The president of BioCubaFarma, Dr. Carlos Gutierrez, addressed the opening of the session, saying cooperation in biotechnology has become one of the driving engines of the relationship between Havana and Beijing given its “great outlook.”

The deputy director of the CNDR, Lin Nianxiu, concurred, saying collaboration in the field has been mutually beneficial in the past decade.

Chinese firms, said Lin, are interested in establishing themselves in Cuba, investing in the country’s new Mariel Port development, a deep-water shipping port and industrial park taking shape near Havana.

China has spent some 500 billion yuan (about 82 billion U.S. dollars) in recent years on the production and sale of biotech products.

The two countries began to cooperate in the field starting in 2004, during a visit to Cuba by then Chinese president Hu Jintao.

Today, about a score of Chinese biotech or pharmaceutical companies are involved in more than 30 joint projects with their Cuban counterparts. Enditem

Source Xinhua

Editor Xuefei Chen Axelsson

Business, News, World News

China’s Jan-May grain import jump to 50 percent

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China’s Jan-May grain import jump to exert limited effect on domestic market

BEIJING, July 1 (Greenpost) — China’s grain imports in the first five months jumped by around 50 percent year on year, but that has limited effects on the domestic market, say analysts.

In the first five months of the year, China’s grain imports amounted to 12.5 million metric tons (tonnes), up 47.3 percent year on year, according to the data released by the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA).

In a breakdown, the country’s corn imports in January-May increased by 31.69 percent year on year to 1.778 million tonnes, while its wheat imports in the period fell 60.47 percent year on year to 966,000 tonnes. In May, the country’s wheat imports jumped by 63.01 percent year on year, the data showed.

Despite the rapid increase in grain imports, compared to the domestic output, the import amount was small. For example, China’s corn imports in 2014 accounted for only a hundredth of the homegrown corn output, which stood at 215.67 million tonnes last year. In addition, the tariff quota management system implemented for grain imports also limited the space for import increases, said analysts.

In 2014, China’s grain imports amounted to 19.516 million tonnes, nearly nine times those in 2003.

Business, China, News, World News

Chinese cabinet posts guidelines on using big data to better serve, regulate market

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Chinese cabinet posts guidelines on using big data to better serve, regulate market

BEIJING, July 1 (Greenpost) – Chinese cabinet, the State Council, released guidelines to strengthen services and supervision on market entities through big data, according to a circular on governmental portal www.gov.cn Wednesday.

Under the drive, the Chinese regulator aimed to improve governmental services and supervision efficiency, advance administrative rights reduction, and develop socialized credit information services.

China’s top securities regulator – China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) – is required to support financial institutions including banks, securities firms, trusts management companies, finance leasing operators, guarantee firms, and insurers, industry associations and commercial chambers to use big data to serve enterprises.

CSRC is also required to guide credit information institutions to widen application of credit reporting in administration, public services, banking, securities and insurance sectors as well as optimizing fiscal, taxation, industrial and talents policies to expedite development of the big data industry.

Source Xinhua

Editor Xuefei Chen Axelsson

Business, China, News, World News

China ratifies int’l pact against tax avoidance

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China ratifies int’l pact against tax avoidance

BEIJING, July 1 (Greenpost) — China’s top legislature has ratified an international convention combating tax avoidance.

The Multilateral Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters was submitted by the State Council, China’s cabinet, to a bimonthly meeting of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee for review. It was ratified before the meeting closed on Wednesday.

The pact will enable China to participate in global initiatives against tax avoidance and evasion by cooperating with other states in the assessment and collection of taxes.

Wang Jun, administrator of the State Administration of Taxation, signed the convention on behalf of the Chinese government in 2013 in Paris.

The State Council hopes the convention will help China meet its commitments to the international community as well as squeeze shelter for Chinese tax dodgers.

It will not be applied to Hong Kong and Macao for the time being, according to the agreement.

The convention was developed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the Council of Europe in 1988 and updated in 2010, when it was opened to all countries.

Seventy had signed it as of March. Enditem

Source Xinhua

Editor Xuefei Chen Axelsson

Business, Environment, Green-tech, News, World News

China unveils plan to implement environmental protection pacemaker program

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China unveils plan to implement environmental protection pacemaker program

BEIJING, July 1 (Xinhua) – China’s four ministries and commission jointly publicized a plan to implement the environmental protection pacemaker program, according to an announcement posted on the website of Ministry of Finance (MOF) Wednesday.

According to the plan, environmental protection pacemakers are required to have their products meet the technical requirements on environmental protection-labeled products and also lead comparable products of their kinds in terms of environmental performances, to implement management of green supply chain environment with environmental-friendly designing, efficient clean production technologies and low emission of pollutants in the whole lifecycle of products, to have no bad records for its products in the state’s random inspections on product quality in the recent year, to be independent legal entities in the Chinese mainland with complete quality control system, perfect supply systems and fine after-sale services, promising normal supply of products via the mainstream marketing channel.

The Ministry of Finance, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Environmental Protection promised in the plan to release on a regular basis the name list of environmental protection pacemakers and catalogues of their products give them appropriate policy supports.

Business, News, World News

Balancing reforms, growth remains China’s priority: World Bank

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Balancing reforms, growth remains China’s priority: World Bank

BEIJING, July 1 (Xinhua) — China’s growth slowdown is not unexpected. In fact, it is desirable in the short and medium-term perspective, as the country prioritizes balancing reforms and managing short-term demand, the World Bank said on Wednesday.

In the short term, China’s economic moderation reflects policies to slow rapid credit growth, contain shadow banking, limit borrowing by local governments and reduce excess capacity in industry, which address the vulnerabilities that built up after the 2008 global financial crisis, the World Bank said in its latest China Economic Update released in Beijing.

“Over the medium term, lower growth is consistent with a gradual shift in China’s growth model, from manufacturing to services, from investment to consumption, and from exports to domestic spending,” it said.

Balancing reforms and short-term demand management remains a priority in 2015 as large-scale and broad-based measures aimed at supporting short-term growth may conflict with efforts to increase the sustainability of medium-term growth.

“Engineering a gradual shift to a more sustainable growth path poses challenges for policy makers, given real-sector weaknesses and financial-system vulnerabilities,” noted the report.

Efforts to cut excess capacity in heavy industry, dampen unproductive risk taking in shadow banking, and solidify budget constraints on local governments will help make investment more efficient and realign growth over the medium term. However, such reforms will depress economic activity in the short term, it added.

The World Bank predicted China’s economy would expand 7.1 percent in 2015 and 7 percent in 2016.

China’s economy grew 7.4 percent in 2014, the slowest rate for 24 years, albeit with more focus on higher-quality and innovation-driven growth. Enditem

Business, China, News, World News

China’s top legislature ratifies BRICS bank agreement

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China’s top legislature ratifies BRICS bank agreement

BEIJING, July 1 (Xinhua) — China’s top legislature ratified an agreement on the founding of BRICS New Development Bank (NDB), which will fund infrastructure projects in the bloc and other developing economies, on Wednesday.

The approval was given at the bimonthly-session of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee, which runs until July 1.

The agreement was signed by the bloc’s five members — Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa — on July 15 last year during the sixth BRICS summit.

It will enter into force only when all BRICS countries have submitted documents of acceptance, ratification or approval.

The Shanghai-based NDB will have initial authorized capital of 100 billion U.S. dollars, and its initial subscribed capital of 50 billion U.S. dollars will be equally shared among the founding members.

It will have a three-tier governance structure — a board of governors, a board of directors, a president and vice presidents.

As agreed by the five countries, the first chair of the board of governors will be nominated by Russia, the first chair of the board of directors by Brazil, and the first president by India.

They also agreed to set up a NDB African regional center in South Africa.

The board of governors is expected to hold the first meeting on July 7 in Russia to appoint members of the board of directors and the management led by the president, according to the Ministry of Finance.

Rules regarding procedures will be made and the bank’s five-year development strategy discussed at the meeting.

The inaugural management team will take their posts in Shanghai in middle July, according to the ministry.

The NDB is expected to launch late this year or early next year.

The bank’s establishment will be an important achievement for financial cooperation among BRICS members, said Finance Minister Lou Jiwei.

It will promote infrastructure construction and sustainable development of the emerging and developing economies, he said.

The bank also helps promote reform of global economic governance, he said.

Once the agreement is approve by the NPC Standing Committee, the Chinese government will provide 10 billion U.S. dollars on time as prescribed, Shi said while elaborating on the deal at the NPC Standing Committee session on June 24.

For the time being, the agreement will not apply to Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, according to the top legislature’s decision. Enditem

Business, China, World News

China Construction Bank opens 4 branches in Europe on Tuesday.

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China Construction Bank opens 4 branches in Europe on Tuesday.

BEIJING, July 1 (Xinhua) — China Construction Bank (CCB) opened four branches in Europe on the day, bringing the total number of its European operating institutions to 10, Wang Hongzhang, chairman of CCB, announced on Tuesday local time in Paris.

The four branches are located in Paris, capital city of France, Amsterdam, capital city of the Netherlands, Barcelona in Spain and Milan in Italy respectively.

The four new branch banks will focus on corporate business at first, catering to large and medium-sized Chinese companies which seek to expand presence in Europe and large local firms, according to Wang.

Statistics from the CCB show that the bank’s market value stood at 207.9 bln US dollars by the end of 2014, ranking the fourth in listed banks in the world. enditem

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瑞典央行决定降低基准利率到负0.35%

07/03/2015 北欧绿色邮报网 Leave a comment

北欧绿色邮报报道（记者陈雪霏）－－瑞典央行2日决定降低基准利率0.1%到－0.35%。

Gruppbild på Riksbankens direktionsmedlemmar 2015

央行董事会表示，由于目前的通货膨胀率已经降低到0.1%，而他们长期要保持的目标是2%。因此，董事会决定采取货币扩张政策，再次降低利率，以刺激消费，同时，也考虑到企业可以借贷，私人可以还房贷。

央行行长英伟思解释说，瑞典要保持经济稳定发展，必须保持通货膨胀在2%。目前，通货膨胀太低，因此，必须降低利率。

不过这一决定也让那些想卖房子的人，不必急于卖房。但另一方面，现在借钱不光是还利息，还要还本金，这样有利于还贷。

有分析人士认为，瑞典不愿出现通缩，就是不愿意看到降价。但是对于电子产品来说，例如手机，一直都是在降价的。

瑞典央行董事会对希腊的全民公决视为不稳定因素。

瑞典的经济增长率预计今年在2.9%，明年3.6%。

Business, News, World News

Repo rate cut to −0.35 per cent and purchases of government bonds extended by SEK 45 billion

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Repo rate cut to −0.35 per cent and purchases of government bonds extended by SEK 45 billion

By Xuefei Chen Axelsson

Stockholm, July 3 (Greenpost)– Swedish Riksbanken has decided to cut repo rate to minus 0.35 percent.

“Inflation is rising and economic activity in Sweden is continuing to strengthen. But uncertainty abroad has increased and it is difficult to assess the consequences of the situation in Greece. Since the repo-rate decision in April, the krona has also become stronger than the Riksbank had forecast and the development of the exchange rate remains a risk to the upturn in inflation. In this uncertain environment, monetary policy needs to be even more expansionary to ensure that inflation continues to rise towards the target of 2 per cent,” explained the central bank in a statement on July 2.

The Executive Board of the Riksbank has therefore decided to cut the repo rate by 0.10 percentage points to -0.35 percent and to extend the purchases of government bonds by a further SEK 45 billion with effect from September and until the end of the year.

It is expected that Swedish GDP growth rate will be 2.9 percent in 2015 and 3.6 percent in 2016.

The following is the Q&A with Governor Stefan Ingves:

Governor Stefan Ingves, what does the decision on a negative repo rate entail?

Governor Stefan Ingves explains here what the decision to cut the repo rate to -0.25 per cent means for households and banks in practice.

Why do we have a negative repo rate when things seem to be going fairly well for Sweden?

“GDP growth is fairly good and the labour market is strengthening gradually, but inflation is too low in relation to the Riksbank’s target for inflation. In recent months, inflation has begun to rise and the repo rate needs to be this low so we can be sure that inflation will continue to rise and attain the target. It is important that this happens as the inflation is the keystone for stable economic development in Sweden. The target functions as a benchmark for expectations in the economy and thereby lays the foundation for efficient price-setting and wage formation. Many people assume that inflation will be around 2 per cent. They should be able to rely on this being the case.”

What does a negative repo rate mean for a normal household

“The Riksbank’s repo rate is negative. But this does not necessarily mean that the lending rates charged to households and companies will be negative. These interest rates are usually higher than the repo rate. But one might expect that interest rates will be unusually low in the coming years.”

Does it mean that the banks will now expect their customers to pay to make bank deposits?
“Our repo rate has been cut to just below zero. Normally, this would lead to somewhat lower interest rates for households and companies, which would in turn increase consumption and investment. It is too early to say whether this will lead to the banks beginning to charge their customers when they deposit money and it is something the banks must decide for themselves.”

What is the message to all small-scale depositors who are worried that their money will be eaten up by interest payments?

“We are in an unusual situation. The economy is performing fairly well, but inflation is too low and the international situation is uncertain. A repo rate just below zero gives a further boost to household consumption and company investment. Together with the repo-rate cuts we have made earlier, this gives higher inflation in the long run and higher interest rates, which will also benefit all savers. It will take us back to a more normal situation in the Swedish economy and this will be good for us all.”

What does the negative interest rate entail for the banks?

“When the repo rate is negative, the banks have to pay when they need to deposit money with the Riksbank. The banks can either invest money for a whole week by buying Riksbank Certificates or overnight through so-called fine-tuning transactions. When they buy Riksbank Certificates, the banks have to pay the repo rate, that is, -0.25 per cent. For overnight deposits, the banks pay a fine-tuning interest rate that is the repo rate minus 0.10 per cent, that is, -0.35 per cent.”

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闻明世界的沃尔沃安全性能是怎样炼成的

07/02/2015 北欧绿色邮报网 Leave a comment

北欧绿色邮报报道（记者陈雪霏）——瑞典一个仅有950万人口的小国，却培育出了一个闻名世界的品牌，沃尔沃轿车。而这个闻名世界的轿车五年前被中国民营企业吉利汽车收购了，成为中国公司。当然，这是沃尔沃第二次出嫁，此前属于福特，但沃尔沃的名字没有变，沃尔沃依然是世界名车的事实没有变。沃尔沃已经提出要在2020年使沃尔沃轿车伤亡事故达到零。

沃尔沃轿车以其高品质的安全性能闻名于世。那么，她的安全性能是怎么练就出来的呢？

沃尔沃高级安全技术专家罗塔.雅各布松教授向记者讲述了沃尔沃安全研发的历史。她说，沃尔沃成立于1927年。但是，到上个世纪50年代开始流行汽车。根据有记载的数据显示从1956年开始，汽车事故造成的死亡率逐年上升。因此，沃尔沃开始安全问题研发，并于1959年发明了安全带。此后，死亡人数逐年降低。而安全带也在全世界，几乎所有的机动车中广泛应用。

当然，发生事故，儿童是最脆弱的。因为，实验室反复对过去发生的交通事故进行研究考察，发现儿童的脖颈是最脆弱的。因此，要避免伤亡，就要大幅度地保护儿童的脖颈。要保护儿童脖颈，瑞典发明了一系列儿童座椅。例如，早在1964年，沃尔沃就有了儿童座椅模型。1978年出品新款儿童座椅。1990年另一款出品。研究还表明，由于汽车相撞时前面受到的冲击力大，所以，儿童应该背向坐着，面向车后方，加上安全带的使用，会大大降低伤亡率。

The all-new XC90 can be equipped with an integrated booster cushion for a child on the centre position in the rear seat. 所有新的XC90都在后座配备一个调高的儿童座椅。

研究也发现，儿童的骨骼还没有成熟，因此，11，12岁的儿童需要高一点儿的坐垫才能使普通安全带在他们身上带着合适。9个月的婴儿需要特殊的婴儿座椅，因为婴儿脑袋的重量和身体其他部分的重量几乎相当，所以脖子非常脆弱。成人的头部重量只是全身的6%，因此，脖颈要比儿童的强一些。

经过对无数个交通事故案例的反复分析，人们发现，如果安全带系得合适，就可以避免在巨大的冲击力下面大幅度地起伏和反弹。大大降低死亡率。

日前，在哥德堡发布的新型豪华儿童安全座椅概念，更是集安全与豪华于一身的未来愿景。除了有专门的设计中心，沃尔沃还有专门的撞车实验室。

沃尔沃高级安全技术顾问托马斯.布鲁贝向记者介绍说，XC90新上市的轿车，曾经在这里进行300多次的实际撞车实验，撞车过程一般只有几秒中，为了能准确分析数据，他们用玻璃当地板，玻璃底下的空间安装摄像头，车道上方，前后左右都按摄像头，而且，车身刷成橘黄色，并在车上画上记号，以便准确测量车在撞过之后发生变化的准确位置。

电脑撞击实验更是进行3000多次。因此，车本身也要结实，经撞，同时要采取各种措施，避免伤亡。除了安全带和儿童安全座椅外，沃尔沃汽车本身有感应系统，一旦汽车发生故障，例如冲出了马路崖子，那么，车内有自动感应系统使安全带进一步收紧。避免人被甩出去或被抛向空中等。这种自动感应和自动拉紧安全带系统也是沃尔沃的过人之处。

沃尔沃除了研究实验撞车，还对麋鹿撞车，老牛撞车进行研究，认真分析每次事故的真正原因，力求以后如何避免。另外，实验室外面还有一个大的模拟场地，对现实中的弯道，河流，桥梁等情况都能检测。

统计数据表明从2006年到2011年，瑞典和德国相比，瑞典交通死亡率就比德国低。

当然，在瑞典交通死亡率低的另一个原因是交通部门设立隔离带，避免会车，也大大降低了事故发生率和死亡率。瑞典交通部门认为，交通事故从来都不是人的错，是基础设施没有设计好。

布鲁贝高兴地说，沃尔沃发明了安全带，也发明了儿童安全座椅，沃尔沃就是一个注重创新的公司。

“我也希望通过媒体告诉年轻的父母们，一定要给孩子使用合适的安全带，合适的安全座椅，认真阅读座椅说明，找卖主好好解释如何正确使用，例如孩子在4岁之前，一直都要面向后面坐在儿童座椅上，这样才安全，因为儿童不是成人的缩影。儿童的胯骨没有成熟，所以，对于10多岁的孩子，要给他们买专门的增高座椅，使安全带能牢固地在固定位置带上。另外，注意不要用衣服或其他软东西代替儿童安全座椅，因为其他东西有可能滑落。儿童座椅必须固定在普通座位上，然后，带上安全带。”他对记者说。

孕妇开车时，也要正确系好安全带，要系在肩上和肚子底下。不要放在肚子上，否则会伤到胎儿。

就在撞车实验室里，记者看到了刚到这里两天的刚被撞坏的轿车放在那里。他们将对这辆车进行认真研究。沃尔沃就是这样通过以往所有的交通事故的数据进行研究，一步一步地不断改善汽车的安全性能使其成为世界上最安全的汽车。

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沃尔沃汽车发布全新XC90荣誉版儿童安全座椅设计概念

07/01/2015 北欧绿色邮报网 1 Comment

北欧绿色邮报报道（记者陈雪霏）沃尔沃汽车30日在哥德堡发布了基于全新XC90荣誉版车型而重新创想的儿童安全座椅设计新概念。

在哥德堡沃尔沃汽车概念车和监测中心，首席汽车内饰设计师提萨.约翰森对记者说：“设计之初，为了优化儿童安全座椅产品体验，我们最先想到的是能否为父母们带来更便捷的操作方式，为孩子们带来更安全的、更体贴的保护。因此我们将精力集中在如下三个层面：从人体工程学和舒适度层面，使乘坐和脱离儿童安全座椅的方式更简单；更为安全的后向式座位设置，可使得驾驶者和后排乘客更为容易地直接观察并与儿童交流；让儿童出行更便捷，预留足够的储纳空间来放置诸如纸尿裤、奶瓶和湿巾等物品。”

这种儿童安全座椅设计概念将安全和北欧豪华设计融为一体，充满创意地将儿童固定在副驾驶的儿童安全座椅上之后，父母们可逆时针旋转副驾驶座椅到后向状态，并在座椅的两侧和下方提供了存放儿童物品空间，如存放纸尿裤和毛毯等小件物品，其它大件物品可存放于座椅前部仪表板下方。

沃尔沃儿童安全座椅设计是其88年来一直坚持安全与创新理念并施的延续。

沃尔沃早在1959年就发明了安全带，这一发明在全世界不知挽救了多少生命。根据沃尔沃的不断实验研究，安全带的合理使用确实是避免死亡和重伤的好办法。

沃尔沃儿童安全专家罗塔.雅各布松向记者介绍说，解剖发现儿童和大人的骨骼是不一样的。儿童不是大人的缩影。儿童的大脑和全身的比例几乎是一比一，而成人的大脑只有全身重量的百分之六。因此，儿童的脖颈非常脆弱。要保护儿童的脖颈，必须面向后方而坐。

基于沃尔沃独有的儿童安全理念，儿童安全座椅设计概念还为婴幼儿提供安全的后躺休息睡眠模式。后向式儿童安全座椅，能确保婴幼儿在面对正面碰撞冲击时，头部和颈部受到最小的移动伤害，使用后向式安全座椅更能够将伤亡率降低至90%以上。因此，沃尔沃建议儿童乘车时（在3到4周岁以前），应尽量采用后向式座椅。

“有关安全，便捷和关爱的考量重于一切，我们一直将儿童安全研究放在重要地位，并致力于将这一研究提升到更高水平。能够从后座随时关注孩子的安全，能够使用XC90荣誉版的杯座加热功能为孩子的奶瓶加热，均是我们在提升家长们在旅程中照顾子女便利性方面而做出的不懈努力。北欧的豪华设计与幸福生活之间密不可分。诸如此类儿童安全座椅设计概念的可变式座位布局在未来车型的设计规划中变得越发重要，尤其针对未来具有高度自动驾驶功能的车型。”约翰森说。

沃尔沃安全设计高级经理托马斯.弗洛贝向记者介绍了他们的安全测试实验厂。在这里人们看到刚刚收集进来的事故车辆。这里也是撞车试验场。他们在车的上下左右全都放上摄像头，然后仔细研究车的安全性能。他们甚至分析麋鹿撞车的原因和冲撞程度。安全系数是通过无数个事故分析数据得出的结论。

在室外，沃尔沃也有自己的试车模拟地形现场。

沃尔沃内饰设计副总裁裴罗彬（Robin Page）在接受记者采访时说，沃尔沃注重安全，舒适豪华相结合，对于儿童安全座椅设计概念目前还是概念阶段，要先发布，然后看各界的反应，之后如果市场反应强烈，再投入生产。假如各界反响很好，那么要生产，估计两年以后就可以。

另外，沃尔沃设计师们还特意向记者介绍了各种儿童安全座椅包括9个月的，到三四岁的，甚至是11，12岁的。对于婴儿的座椅，沃尔沃在研究是否可以制作更轻，可移动，可折叠的儿童座椅。

对于10多岁的孩子，他们有辅助座椅，目的是让孩子坐高一点儿，以便安全带可以系得更紧一些。事实证明，安全带的位置不对，伤亡惨重。正确的位置应该是在肩膀上和胯骨下。否则，如果在胳膊下或肚子上，一旦有车祸，很容易受伤。

因此，安全设计师们一再强调，父母要好好阅读座椅说明，不能随便用软东西塘塞或者是凑合。必须让儿童系好安全带，后向式乘坐，可以大大减少死亡率。

中国吉利控股公司五年前通过并购拥有沃尔沃轿车。这个具有88年历史的品牌也是全世界挽救生命最多的安全带的发明者。

作为沃尔沃88年来最为豪华的扛鼎之作，全新XC90诠释了以人为中心的北欧豪华设计与生活方式的延伸。传承与延续沃尔沃自品牌创立以来坚守的以安全为首要原则的造车理念，XC90荣誉版儿童安全座椅设计概念通过创新和创意完美结合，将安全、人文关爱和豪华感溶于一体，重塑了独特的北欧豪华方便的生活理念，也是沃尔沃汽车向2020年“零死亡”愿景迈出的重要一步。

沃尔沃轿车在2008年提出了宏伟的愿景，就是到2020年，凡是开沃尔沃轿车的人都不会因此车出事而死亡。

沃尔沃轿车五年前被中国吉利收购时，很多人还有疑问，但是现在公司运营良好。据中国驻瑞典商务处资料，吉利目前是中国在瑞典的最大投资项目，已经投入10多个亿进行研发。

约翰森对记者表示，她认为在沃尔沃工作非常好。她从1999年就在沃尔沃工作。到2006年离开了，但到2010年中国收购沃尔沃以后，她又回来了。

根据沃尔沃报告，去年在全球100个国家销售465866台轿车，盈利22亿克朗，比2013年增加3亿多克朗。沃尔沃全球有26000多员工，在比利时，哥德堡和成都都有生产车间。总部设在上海。

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Here are some of the most important milestones in Volvo Cars’ child safety history

07/01/2015 北欧绿色邮报网 Leave a comment

Here are some of the most important milestones in Volvo Cars’ child safety history

Stockholm, July 1 (Greenpost)–Volvo Cars is the inventer of seat belt in cars which is a tool that saved millions of lives around the world. The following are some more important milestones in Volvo Cars’ child safety history.

1964 First child seat prototype

Inspired by how astronauts travel rearwards, Bertil Aldman, medical doctor and subsequently Professor in Traffic Safety at Chalmers University of Technology, developed the very first child seat prototype. Volvo was closely involved in the development and testing was carried out in a PV544.

1967 Reversible front passenger seat with special child backrest

The first child seat to be sold to customers was created by turning the front passenger seat around. Adding a padded backrest with straps made sure that the rearward-facing child was kept in place. The solution was sold as an accessory for the recently introduced Volvo Amazon.

1972 Volvo’s first rearward-facing child seat

Rearward-facing child seats are designed to support the neck and help spread the force of a frontal impact over a larger area. Frontal impacts are the most frequent and usually the most severe impact situation.

1976 The booster cushion – a world first from Volvo

Children from three to four years and up travel facing forwards using the standard safety belt with a beltpositioning booster cushion. Volvo Cars’ policy is that children should use a booster cushion until they are 140 centimetres tall and ten years old. When using a booster cushion, the child runs an approximately 75 per cent lower risk of being injured compared to being unrestrained.

1990 World’s first integrated booster cushion

The first integrated booster cushion was an ingenious fold down and out version in the rear centre position in the Volvo 960. Double integrated pop-up booster cushions in the outer rear seats were introduced in the Volvo S40 in 1995.

1999 World’s first rearward-facing seat for ISOFIX

The world-first solution for the standardised, car-integrated ISOFIX fittings was actually two rearward-facing seats in one. Both seats – one for infants and one for toddlers up to four years of age – could be fitted in the same ISOFIX frame.

2007 World’s first two-stage integrated booster cushion

Two-stage integrated booster cushions were introduced in the Volvo V70 estate. The two-stage version, with two sitting heights, enables a better belt fit regardless of the child’s size. Child adapted safety belt load limiters were also fitted.

2014 Inflatable Child Seat Concept

The innovation, which is still in the development stage, is easy to install and can be tucked away in a small bag when not in use. This means that the child seat can be easily transferred between cars and the bag even fits in carry-on luggage when flying or travelling.

For the 2014 financial year, Volvo Car Group recorded an operating profit of 2,252 MSEK (1,919 MSEK in 2013). Revenue over the period amounted to 129,959 MSEK (122,245 MSEK). For the full year 2014, global sales reached a record 465,866 cars, an increase of 8.9 per cent versus 2013. The record sales and operating profit cleared the way for Volvo Car Group to continue investing in its global transformation plan.

Volvo has been in operation since 1927. Today, Volvo Cars is one of the most well-known and respected car brands in the world with sales of 465,866 in 2014 in about 100 countries. Volvo Cars has been under the ownership of the Zhejiang Geely Holding (Geely Holding) of China since 2010. It formed part of the Swedish Volvo Group until 1999, when the company was bought by Ford Motor Company of the US. In 2010, Volvo Cars was acquired by Geely Holding.

As of December 2014, Volvo Cars had over 26,000 employees worldwide. Volvo Cars’ head office, product development, marketing, and administration functions are mainly located in Gothenburg, Sweden. Volvo Cars’ head office for China is located in Shanghai. The company’s main car production plants are located in Gothenburg (Sweden), Ghent (Belgium), and Chengdu (China), while engines are manufactured in Skövde (Sweden) and Zhangjiakou (China) and body components in Olofström (Sweden).