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Hans Blix, top diplomat who seeks truth, strives for world peace

By Xuefei Chen Axelsson
Stockholm, Nov. 9(Greenpost)–Swedish top diplomat Dr. Hans Blix has won respect for his great work in disarmament, inspection of Iraqi weapons of mass destruction and his great courage and strength against pressure from the super powers and the media. He is a role model for being a great human being and a man with important mission. The following is an article published by peoples daily online on

16:02, June 09, 2010      

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Swedish top diplomat Dr. Hans Blix has won respect for his great work in disarmament, inspection of Iraqi weapons of mass destruction and his great courage and strength against pressure from the super powers and the media. He is a role model for being a great human being and a man with important mission. He said that he is striving for a world without wars. It is an honor for me (People’s Daily Online correspondent in Stockholm) to have the chance to have an exclusive interview with him at his home in Stockholm center recently.


Hans Blix (photo by Xuefei Chen)

The urgent thing is nuclear test ban treaty

Q: What is your comment on the vision of a nuclear free world?

Hans Blix: As a vision, I think this is desirable, we all want to have that. I don’t think it is necessarily naïve. Sometimes it occurs to me that between 1910 and 1950, we had two world wars, and one collapsed world organization, the League of Nations. A lot of things can happen between 2010 and 2050.

The risk of putting too much attention to it will divert the attention from what the fight is about today.

Today the most urgent thing is to go into effect the test ban treaty and there we need the ratification by the US and by China, and by Israel, Iran and Egypt, and a few other countries.

We also need to have more disarmament agreements between the US and Russia. We need a convention prohibiting the production of uranium and plutonium for weapons. These are the big task today. We must not divert the attention from today’s needs.

Q: What is your comment on the US and Russian signing of a treaty to reduce strategic nuclear weapons in early April?

Hans Blix: I think it is a very important signal that the executive powers in Washington and in Moscow want to reset the button as they said and move to the new direction. The cut is relatively very moderate, not significant, and above all, the maintenance of mutual inspection on the ground from America to Russia, from Russia to America is very important for the confidence building. At the same time it shows the difficulties that lie in the remained distrust.

Therefore the most urgent need I think is further détente or relaxation, diplomatic relations and diplomacy must give us more relaxations. The START treaty would not come about unless Obama has changed the policy regarding the missile shield positions in Poland and Czech Republic.
He modified that (you remember) and decided they would not have this for the basis of strategic shield in Poland and Czech Republic. But rather in the East Mediterranean for intermediate range missile, this was very important politically diplomatic step and that made the START possible. We need to go further in this direction.

He clearly indicated that the US intends to reach the policy of relaxation of accommodation with Russia, this is fundamental for further to go on. That has related to Russia, they also need similar policy of détente between the US and China, and between China and Russia, there must be relaxation between all the big powers in order to go further decisively in the field of disarmament.

China can take the lead to ratify the nuclear test ban treaty

Q: What is your comment on China’s role in maintaining world peace?

Hans Blix: China should go ahead to ratify the nuclear test ban treaty, there is a positive attitude of the Chinese government at the UN Assembly.
Many people suspected that China is waiting for the United States to be the first, I think China will be in a very influential situation over the US if China goes ahead, China will also not be bound by the ratification until the US ratifies. It will not bind China, but it will be very good thing for China to do.

China has been restrained. China of course can do much more to contribute to disarmament, China could contribute much more in the diplomatic side. It is wise to be restraint with Taiwan, China is pursuing a wise policy with Taiwan, the other is with India, you have a border with India, it should be negotiated and with diplomacy, there should not be much controversial, it is important to have the certain border.

The whole Asia gained in economic development as China is rising. They want to be guaranteed that China will not use any military power, the controversy is about some small islands in the South China Sea, sometimes other countries also claimed they own them, by the Philippines, or Vietnam, I always say that to my Chinese friends, why don’t you take it to the judicial measures to international court of justice for example, because for the moment it doesn’t seem to have any economic interest around them, if you negotiate, there is always a looser or winner, but if you go to the international court, like many other countries to settle that there, no one will be a loser, you will not be a loser even if you lose it, many countries have used it even the big powers.

The UK and France settled the islands in the English Channel by the International Court of Justice. I think the use of peaceful means of settlement of dispute is very important.

There are no weapons of mass destruction in Iraq

Q: The Iraq war has passed 7 years. But your voice’ there is no weapons of mass destruction’ is still lingering around people’s ears. You were the one who dared to tell the truth at that time, against the wind, (you are the one who really deserves a Nobel Peace Prize) did you face a lot of pressure at that time from the US and the UK? How was the situation?

Hans Blix: We regarded ourselves as the international civil servants, and civil servants are to serve the governments, and to give them the objective basis for their decision as accurate as possible. The government has the popular democratic mandate to act. The civil servants do not have the democratic mandate, they are giving the basis for discussion and that must be the honest one, as objective as you can be in this world. And that was what we tried. We were trying to look for the truth all the time.

I would say that we were not threatened by the governments, by media yes, media in the United States were ferocious about us, they tried to skin us alive, but not the US government, they respect our independence I would say.

The pressure, yes, but not the thing that we felt intolerable in any case, we did not intend to yield on any kind of pressures, so our instinct was simply to give the fact, as diligent as we could, and we were quite competent and we had a competent team of inspectors.

The US and UK tried to get a resolution which in fact authorize the war in Iraq, and they didn’t get it because the majority in the Security Council were skeptical , the majority were not certain if there were any weapons of mass destruction.

We had carried out 700 inspections in 500 different sites, and we haven’t seen any weapons of mass destruction, we have also followed up the leads given to us by intelligence organizations and we didn’t find any weapons in the places that they indicated. So I think that had an impact upon the majority in the United Nations, they said look inspections had been there, and they hadn’t seen anything, it is you who say there is something, they haven’t seen anything, let us continue with the inspection, that was the majority wanted, but the US particularly didn’t have the patience, they have 200 thousand men sitting in the desert and waiting, they said no, we can’t wait any longer. And they went ahead.

A victory for the Security Council not to give authorization

Hans Blix: But the inspection had the effect that the UN did not authorize the action. And some people have said that the fact that the US and UK went ahead, this was a sort of humiliation of the Security Council, I would say that the fact that the council did not give the authorization was a victory for the council. It was a victory for the council because the US and UK should not get authorization and they didn’t get it. So the council was right.

Q: It was after the war that you said it was certain there were no weapons of mass destruction, why?

Hans Blix: We made many reports to the Security Council to say that we haven’t found the weapons.

After the war, something became clear, and it was the US that interviewed many Iraqi military, political and scientific people and while Saddam was still there, we also interviewed them, but it could not be sure that they will tell us the whole truth, if there had been any weapons of mass destruction that they had known about it, would they have told us? Probably not because they wouldn’t have dared to.

But when Saddam was gone, and the US came. People should have rewards if they told yes, they are there. They could have gone silent or they could go for rewards, so there was much more credibility in interviews once the US occupied than we did. So we realized it immediately when the US didn’t find any weapons, then there are not weapons, so then they can ascertain about it, before it was uncertain.

Then the media became angry because they have been wrong, they have been so certain that of course there are weapons. It is a naïve idea that Saddam is evil so there are weapons. There was misleading in the US media and there was a lot of misleading in the US government.

I am not accusing Bush for talking about not being faithful, some people say they lied, I am not saying that, I am saying that first they misled themselves, then they misled the public, it is a bad judgment.

In the UK there was much opposition to the war, there was also opposition in New York, demonstrations were everywhere, there were a lot of demonstrations before the war, and in London there were enormous demonstrations against the war, but they were misled by Saddam.

The reason why they stressed so much weapons in London was that they can sell the war on the weapons, but they cannot sell the war on democracy in Iraq.

The parliament said democracy is not our job, but the weapons are an argument that they could sell.

The only gain of the Iraq war was that Saddam was toppled

Q: Was there really weapons of mass destruction before? Or biological and chemical ones in Iraq?

Hans Blix: After 1992, Iraq didn’t have any weapons of mass destruction or biological or chemical weapons any more.

In fact, Saddam ordered the destruction of all the biological and nuclear and chemical weapons in 1991 when the UN adopted the resolution in 1991 after the Gulf War.

Some chemical weapons were not destroyed in 1991 but they were declared, and they were then destroyed under the supervision of the UN in 1992.
So after 1992 there were no weapons of mass destruction.

Q: That means the UN sanctions on Iraq had been effective?

Hans Blix: The UN sanctions forced Iraq to destroy the weapons of mass destruction. But they made a mistake that they destroyed them without the presence of UN inspectors, we found the relics of the broken bombs and material that had been destroyed in 1991, but if Saddam invited the UN inspectors in 1991, then it would have been much easy to see how much was destroyed. Whereas he did it alone without any inspectors, then when the inspectors came and said you had so and so missiles and now we only see so and so many, where are the others, ‘well we destroy them’, you could not verify then. Much of the uncertainty rose because they had not had any international presence.

Many people suspected that Saddam wanted the ambiguity about it. On the one hand he said to the UN that they had destroyed the weapons of mass destruction, on the other hand, he wanted to create the impression that maybe I have some still, and that caused the second war, that uncertainty caused the second war. So it was unwise. You can put up a sign in a house saying watch the dog.

Q: Was it necessary to have the second Iraq war?

Hans Blix: Totally unnecessary war.

Q: Could that have been avoided?

Hans Blix: Yes, if we got a few more months of inspection.

Q: What is your comment about the global security now?

Hans Blix: Much better now than the Bush period, during the Bush administration, we were moving to a ‘cold peace’, in particular the missile site in the Czech Republic and Poland sharpened the relations with Russia, and they plan the NATO to push Georgia and Ukraine to become a member of NATO caused the sharpening of relations, Georgia started the war with Ossetia because they have been given a lot of arms by the United States. So I think this has changed now.

I think the US agreement on nuclear with India under Bush administration was unwise. I don’t think it was prohibited under the non-proliferation treaty, but it was certainly a contradiction with the guidelines that you should not export to the country that has not joined the NPT.

The worry I and many had under the agreement is that India will be able to import uranium fuel for its nuclear reactors, and then it can use the rather limited resources they have or their own uranium to enrich to weapons grade, if they want to do it, I am not saying that they are using it, but anyway, Pakistan and China can suspect that India is using and then you can have a race.

Thus, I think US-India agreement is not in the right direction. And the US and Australia and Japan as alliance are not in the direction of detent, but China reacted rather calmly. We need all the countries to work multilaterally rather than through blocks.

The solution for this is a convention by India, Pakistan, China, the US and other countries to agree that they will not produce any uranium plutonium for nuclear weapons purposes, and this will be with verification, this way we can ensure that there will not be piles of rich uranium or plutonium.

There has been a proposal for such a treaty in Geneva, but the only country that resisted it is Pakistan, which is blocking the decision.

I think it is very unwise of Pakistan to block the discussion. So there is such a draft for the convention, cut off the production of uranium and UK, France and Russia will not produce any more because they have had enough, China will not too. There is no resistance of the big powers. So far it is Pakistan that resists it. But they operate by consensus.

Q: What is your dream world? Or what are you striving for?

Hans Blix: I have been lucky in my life, in two important areas, one is disarmament, two: the energy, the world without wars.

Look at the history, most wars were with borders, wars about territories, Saddam was the last ‘emperor’ to invade Kuwait, now that ideology has gone.

Oil or gas should not be a reason for war. There are civil wars, some regional wars but no world war.

My basic optimism based on independence of countries. China owns more bonds of the US and needs to export to the US. , EU and Russia. Russia needs money and EU needs gas, so they pay attention to each other, they don’t go to security council until they find a solution after negotiation.
I welcome China to be in the WTO, I think it is also important that Russia should get into the WTO.

And we all need to develop these institutions and we all use the judicial organizations to solve our disputes. Integration and building multilateral institutions are very important.

Q: Why is Iran not trusted?

Hans Blix: There is mistrust on Iran because Iran has two nuclear reactors helped by Russia. It is not economical for Iran to build nuclear because it costs a lot of money to build the enrichment facilities, and it is not economical to build it, it will be more economic for them to import uranium.

South Korea has 20 nuclear reactors, they import enriched uranium, Sweden has 10 nuclear reactors, we import uranium too. Iran only has two, so it is not economical for them to build enrichment facility of their own, they would need assurance of import of uranium for the power plant they have, and I think they could have that.

I think there are diplomatic solutions for the Iran issue. It would be disastrous if anyone tries the military solution because if Iran is attacked, it is not sure if you can destroy all the nuclear, if Iran didn’t want to develop nuclear weapon and if they are attacked, they will really develop it.

I suspect that the root of Iranian uranium enrichment program came in the 1980s, when it had a terrible war with Iraq. And they suspect that Iraq was going to use nuclear weapons, they might not have decided to have the weapon, but they could have moved closer to the weapon option. It was foreign policy, it was the relations with the outside world that is more important, the Israeli has the weapons because they have the fear of Arab countries, India has the nuclear weapon because they think of China and Pakistan because they are afraid of India, so doing away all these tensions, that is also doing away with the will to build the weapons.

Q: How can you prevent nuclear weapons?

Hans Blix: It depends on the will power, for example Japan, if they want to develop, they can develop in a year, but in their constitution they are against it, so I don’t worry about it. But now the nuclear technology is very popular, South Korea and North Korea all can develop that. The US is doing it in 1940s, so the question is the will power and the resources.
That is why it is very important to understand this. 98 countries among 198 countries in the world decided they don’t want it.

If you don’t feel threat, you don’t need the weapons. So the important thing for the world is the relaxation of the world tension or detente.
Now all the major governments are pragmatic, Chinese government is regarded very pragmatic; the US current government is very pragmatic, and wanting to go to peace; Moscow as well, and Mr Putin is too pragmatic.
The UK and France are both very pragmatic, so we have relatively sensible governments in the world for the moment, and that is a good situation.

Q: What is your comment on China’s nuclear policy?

Hans Blix: I think it is very progressive. China is looking energy issues seriously, it is very important. When you look at coal, carbon capture, and separate carbon from coal, I hope this will be successful in the future.

China is really trying and developing more advanced nuclear technology. You have Russian reactor, French reactor, American one and you develop your own design too.

To improve the living standard in the world, we need energy, and industrialized world has tremendous use of the fossil fuels, and raised our living standards enormously, unfortunately we haven’t been aware until recently that the burning of the fossil fuels resulted in so much carbon dioxide, that threatens the climate in the future,

Nuclear has always provided a lot of power, so I was always in favor of the nuclear power even before the climate issue came out because this is tremendously powerful and condensed power. Not without risks, but all energy has risk.

It is one sort of energy, with global warming added, it is efficient process, otherwise, it is very clean, the same with wind power, solar power, these are important source for the future, nuclear power today can give us enormous efficiency.

I am interested in using thorium which is another basic element. If you can use thorium, it is very good. Thorium is three time more available. It is very sustainable. Nuclear has development possibilities. China is aware of that and can use it.

Q: Which is the largest threat to mankind, nuclear weapon or climate change in your opinion?

Hans Blix: I am inclined to think that climate change is the number one threat because nuclear weapon concerns a number of countries, we can abolish nuclear weapons with agreements of some major countries.

But climate issue concerns people all over the world in using energy.
China has been very restrained in the military side, although the US is very worried about the buildup of Chinese military force, when I see the statistics, today the world is spending 1400 billion dollars a year, 45 percent of it was the US spending and five percent in China.

I think the total sum is ridiculously high everywhere, and we could cut this in half and use it for energy saving, and defending it from global climate change.

Q: What is the most important thing in your life?

Hans Blix: The family is very important. I married in 1962, soon 50 years. We have two sons, both are PHDs, they both have one boy and one girl.
And I am not going to retirement again, I have been going to retirement three times before, I will continue to work as long as I can.

My work is my hobby. We both are interested in art. We have rugs, antique rugs, we both like nature romantics, we hikes, skis and go out to the nature. I have never enjoyed spring so much as this spring when you look out and see the trees.

Q: What is the driving force for you in your life and work?

Hans Blix: I always like to do things, to get results, in many areas is the same. If I want to write a book I should get out a book, or my wife gives me a vacuum cleaner then I clean the apartment and like to see it is clean, or I cook in the kitchen and I like to see the food come up.

Results, I like to see the results. That has always been the drive to get results when you do things.

Dr. Blix visited China in 1964 for the first time.

“We have been many times in China. I can see tremendous evolution in China and freedom as well. We know China has a long way to go, but I don’t like to preach because Chinese people know very well in what direction they are going to go and that pragmatism development is good, I like to go now to two great universities, I come from a university town and I am going to visit Tsinghua University, a chance to discuss with students and teachers and then to Fudan University and this process of searching the truth is universal and in everywhere,” Blix concluded.

About Hans Blix

Dr. Blix graduated from Uppsala University and was Associate Professor in International Law at Stockholm University. From 1963 to 1976 he served as the Adviser on International Law in the Ministry. He was State Secretary for International Development Co-operation from 1976 to 1978. Then he became Minister for Foreign Affairs of Sweden. From 1981 to 1997, he worked as Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA for 16 years.

In 2000 when he decided to retire at 72, he received a call from former UN Secretary General Kofi Annan to nominate him as the Executive Chairman of the UN Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission from March 2000 to June 2003.

By Xuefei Chen, People’s Daily Online correspondent in Stockholm, chenxuefei7@hotmail.com

(Editor:张洪宇)

新闻分析:特朗普出人意料地当选美国总统

北欧中华网评论员 陈雪霏

早上天还是漆黑,老公来到床边说,告诉你一个不幸的消息,川普真的赢得大选了。前一天晚上,他就说,他要半夜起来关注美国大选结果。一周前PROFOCA还举办美国大选分析,方方面面都希望希拉里赢,因为她赢了,世界可能还是business as usual. 而川普是谁?当选前,很多人都不知道。

正是因为川普是个地道的商人,只有家族势力,没有别的政治影响,与职业政客希拉里的政治资历相比,天壤之别。希拉里丈夫比尔克林顿当过总统,她自己也在政治上很突出,被各方人士看好。大部分美国政界的人也觉得希拉里应该获胜。昨天,美国驻丹麦大使还说,他希望希拉里获胜。自然,一切与希拉里打过交道的人都希望希拉里获胜,主要原因就是他们不熟悉川普,而且觉得川普太能忽悠,好话是说尽了,能实现吗?

然而,在这个大雪纷飞的日子里,在这个经济不景气,失业率很高,人们都感到有点儿对世界迷茫的时候,对两个候选人都不看好的情况下,美国人选择了商人川普。

川普在当选后的演讲中表示,要重建美国,重新点燃美国人的美国梦。他感谢他的家族的支持。川普怎么就当选了呢?川普说,我们的选举团人少,也没花太多钱,希拉里争的厉害。但川普的人都是至亲挚友,真心支持,川普的许诺让很多人感到宽慰,他们太希望美国继续保持一切都是第一了。而川普就这样承诺。川普的药方也是一切都要重建。

此前也有报道说,美国的铁路公路,很多基础设施都有些老化,都需要重建。而要重建,就会需要工人,就可以提高就业。

现在,川普说,他要团结美国人,把一盘散沙的美国凝聚起来,那些不支持他的人,他也要向他们伸出橄榄枝。

川普的当选,先是让人感觉出乎意料,但是,从另一个角度讲,这只能说现在的人们觉得世界变化太大,不太适应变化。而美国总统竞选的过程往往都是充满变数。当然,这也反映了美国社会是财团控制的社会,当经济不景气时,人们更希望一个能搞经济搞商业的人上台。

在外交方面,川普表示,把美国利益放在第一位,与其它国家平等发展外交关系。

川普的当选,导致股票下跌。

不过,笔者认为,川普是个商人,他可能也是比较务实的。如果真的能从这种积极的角度出发,希望能为美国经济提振。但同时,他的当选,对于世界形势,增加了更多难以预料的变数。因为有些时候,放任资本主宰社会,可恶的事情也会发生。 或许还是那个熟套,人们习惯了希拉里,但也希望能有点意想不到的变化。

斯德哥尔摩今天鹅毛般的大雪一直下个不停,真不知道是瑞雪兆丰年,还是气候回归到十年前了。2006年11月初,瑞典大雪也非常大。

《吴晶那难以实现的梦想》11月10日将在SVT2播出

北欧绿色邮报网报道(记者陈雪霏)--瑞典电视纪录片《吴晶那难以实现的梦想》11月6日在瑞典电视台网站播出。现在可以看视频:http://www.svtplay.se/video/10940049/wu-jings-omojliga-drom/wu-jings-omojliga-drom-avsnitt-1?cmpid=lnk%3Aem%3Apl%3A20161106%3A%3Adok

11月10日将在SVT2  20:00播出。请届时收看。

瑞典华人华侨拯救”东亚博物馆”请愿书

北欧绿色邮报网报道(记者陈雪霏)瑞典华人华侨日前向瑞典有关部门已经提交拯救东亚博物馆请愿书。请愿书已有十五个华人社团签名支持。

请愿书具体内容如下:

听闻瑞典东亚博物馆被瑞典国立世界文化博物馆主任Ann Follin提案,东亚博物馆和其它两个博物馆将合并成一个新的世界文化博物馆,将面临搬迁和消失的命运,无法独立存在。我们在瑞的华人、在瑞的亚洲人都为此感到意外和深切的关注。连日来网上一个联合签名呼吁拯救东亚博物馆已经达到几千人,瑞典媒体前后发表了50余篇文章和报道谈论此事,阻止这样错误的提案。

 

我们认为:1.东亚博物馆是在瑞典东方人精神寄托和文化聖地. 合併迁至郊区,不是文化的融入而是将东方文化边缘化和䧚离!

2.瑞典东亚博物馆以自己的历史和独特馆藏使其声誉和地位名列世界博物馆界前茅,是瑞典的骄傲,瑞典政府应该引以为荣,发扬光大,而不是自毁声誉。

  1. 东亚博物馆是在瑞典的东方人教育后辈传承文化的场所,东亚博物馆正漸成为亚洲人来斯市旅游的景点之一。文化需要一个稳定的环境和自由的发展空间。博大精深的文化对大家都有益处。
  2. 东亚博物馆合并结果是展览场地缩小,部分展品将无法呈现给大众欣赏,交流和研究活动会相应减少,失去东亚博物馆在东方文化艺术及收藏的国际地位,逐步导致文化的消失。将对亚洲文物的宣传,研究保护和传承是很大的破坏,也是对东方文化不重视。

5.东亚博物馆作为展示传承文化的场所,不应该成为政治考量的牺牲品。

 

为此,我们希望瑞典政府放弃对东亚博物馆合并和搬迁这样不明智的的提案的支持,继续维持并保护东亚博物馆迄今为止的地位,引以为骄傲的成为世界亚洲文化的中心!

我们还希望瑞典政府委派热爱亚洲文化的,对传承文化有造诣的专家来管理博物馆,并带给瑞典人乃至欧洲更多对亚洲古老文明的认知。

 

请瑞典政府就我们提出的愿望给予回复,

拯救”东亚博物馆”华人小组

附:请愿书签名组织和单位名单

Sveriges Kinesiska Riksförbund (Peiquan Ye) (瑞典华人总会,叶沛群)

Stockholms Kinesiska Förening ( David Liu) (瑞京华人协会, 柳少惠)

Svensk-kinesiska kulturförbund (Yuqing Wang) (瑞典华人文化交流联合会, 王钰清)

Shanghai Association of Sweden, Lifu Hu (瑞典上海联谊会, 胡立夫)

Kinaklubb (Lidya Liu) (中国俱乐部 ,刘芳)

Kinesiska Företagarförbundet i Sverige (Wang jianrong) (瑞典华人工商联合总会, 王建荣)

Sweden-China Entrepreneur Assiciation (Qiaozhen Zhang) (瑞中企业家协会,张巧珍)

Kinesiska Artistföreningen i Sverige (Rongmei Zou) (瑞典中国艺术家协会, 邹荣美)

China-E Kinesiska Utbildningen Förening (Yong Xiao) (瑞典中文母语教育协会,肖勇)

Hubei&Hunan Association in Sweden (Changlin Wester) (瑞典两湖同乡会 ,吕长林)

China-Europe Cultural Association (Xuefei Chen) (中欧文化协会, 陈雪霏)

Europe-China International Culture Education AndBusiness Development Association (Yan Shuang Lindblom (中欧国际文化教育商贸发展协会, 双焱)

Chinese Teacher Association in Sweden (Sun Kai) (瑞典中文教師協會, 孙凯)

China Sweden Life Science Association, Jack Yu (中瑞生命科学协会,于江)

Sveriges  Svensk – Kinesiska  Vänskaps Förening. Ellen Liv (瑞典中瑞友好协会, 刘春旭会长)

Vädjan om att rädda Östasiatiska Museet

Chineseonline news–I den rapport om ekonomisk översyn av Världskulturmuseerna som Ann Follin, överintendent för Statens museer för Världskultur, lämnade in för en dryg månad sedan förordas att Östasiatiska museet och de två andra Världskulturmuseerna i Stockholm slås samman till ett gemensamt Världskulturmuseum i Stockholm. Denna omlokalisering kommer att slå sönder Östasiatiska museet, radera dess unika historia och göra att det inte längre kan ha en självständig agenda. Vi svensk-kineser, och andra asiater, är förvånade och djupt oroade över detta.

Under den senaste månaden finns på internet ett gemensamt upprop om att rädda Östasiatiska genom att stödja det med en signatur. Uppropet har nått tusentals människor runt om i Sverige och världen, svenska medier har publicerat mer än 50 artiklar och rapporter som talar om saken, allt för att rädda museets självständighet.

Vi svensk-kineser, som undertecknat detta inlägg, skulle vilja framföra följande ståndpunkter kring Östasiatiska museet:

Östasiatiska Museet, som är ett andligt och kulturellt Mecka för asiater, bör får vara kvar i sina lokaler, som har anpassats till den nuvarande museiverksamheten, och inte tvingas att flytta ihop med andra museer på ett sätt som marginaliserar dess asiatiska kulturarv, och som inte leder till integration i det svenska kulturella landskapet, utan tvärtom skulle öka känslan av isolering för oss med asiatisk bakgrund.

Östasiatiska museet, med sin egen historia och sina unika samlingar, har ett rykte och en status som placerar det bland de främsta i museivärlden internationellt. Det är en stolthet att ha för Sverige och då bör den svenska regeringen också vara stolt och låta museet blomstra, snarare än att spä ut det till en del av en odefinierbar “världskultur”, som etnocentriskt verkar innefatta allt som inte är nordeuropeiskt.

Östasiatiska museet är platsen för att utbilda den yngre generationen om det asiatiska kulturarvet i Sverige. Östasiatiska museet är redan, och blir alltmer, en turistattraktion för såväl asiater boende i Sverige som besökare från Asien, och då behövs en stabil miljö och fritt utrymme för utveckling av program och verksamheter.

Östasiatiska museets sammanlagda utställningsyta bör inte reduceras med följd att delar av utställningsföremålen inte kommer att kunna visas för allmänheten. Detta skulle försvåra kommunikationen och forskningen kommer att bli lidande. Därigenom kommer Östasiatiska:museets kultur- och konstsamlingar att förlora i internationell status och museet att degraderas, till skada för forskning och kulturarv. Den asiatiska kulturens representation i Sverige av föremål och kulturella uttryck kommer att minska kraftigt.

Östasiatiska Museet representerar ett stolt arv av svenskt forskningssamarbete med Kina, ett forskningssamarbete som präglades av ömsesidig respekt och var viktig för Kinas vetenskapliga utveckling under första halvan av 1900-talet. Ett arv som inte får förskingras och som både vi svensk-kineser och ättlingarna till de svenskar, som verkade i Kina under denna tid, är stolta över.

Östasiatiska Museet, som en presentation av ett världskulturarv, bör dessutom inte användas som ett verktyg för politiskt styrda nycker och moden. Samlingarna är extra värdefulla för oss kineser eftersom en del av dem inte längre finns kvar i Kina, som en följd av det moderna Kinas turbulenta historia.

Av dessa anledningar vädjar vi till regeringen att överge sina tankar på Östasiatiska Museets sammanslagning med andra Världskulturmuseer, och omlokalisering. Man bör istället fortsätta med att upprätthålla och skydda Östasiatiska museets nuvarande status och med stolthet se det som det asiatiska kulturcentrum det är.

Vi vädjar också till regeringen att hitta en expert och sakkunnig person som museichef, som älskar asiatisk kultur, och får ha kunniga medarbetare som levandegör museets kulturarv. Detta ger kännedom och kunskaper som låter fler människor från Sverige och Europa få en ökad förståelse för Asiens forntid och nutid. Den nuvarande högsta museiledningen är inne på helt fel väg när man vill förytliga och förminska vårt och andras kulturarv. Regeringen bör i stället satsa på att fördjupa kunskapen och öka förståelsen för asiatisk kultur och för alla de levande kulturer som finns i Sverige.

Vi önskar att regeringen svarar på denna vår vädjan.

Svensk-kineser för att rädda Östasiatiska Museet

Contact person: Lifu Hu (0731012281, lifuhu9898@gmail.com)

Address: Sweden-China Entrepreneur Association,

World Trade Center D4, Klarabergsviadukten 70, Box 70396, 10724 Stockholm

2016-10-29

 

 

Bilaga: lista på undertecknade organisationer

 

Sveriges Kinesiska Riksförbund (Peiquan Ye)

Stockholms Kinesiska Förening (David Liu)

Svensk-kinesiska kulturförbund (Yuqing Wang)

Shanghai Association of Sweden (Lifu Hu)

Kinaklubb (Lydia Liu)

Kinesiska Företagarförbundet i Sverige (Wang Jianrong)

Sweden-China Entrepreneur Assiciation (Qiaozhen Zhang)

Kinesiska Artistföreningen i Sverige (Rongmei Zou)

China-E Kinesiska Utbildningen Förening (Yong Xiao )

Hubei&Hunan Association in Sweden (Changlin Wester)

China-Europe Cultural Association (Xuefei Chen)

Europe-China International Culture Education AndBusiness Development Association (Yan Shuang Lindblom)

Chinese Teacher Association in Sweden (Sun Kai)

China Sweden Life Science Association (Jack Yu)

Sveriges Svensk – Kinesiska Vänskaps Förening (Ellen Liv)

 

 

 

 

 

瑞典专业外国记者协会举办美国大选选情研讨会

北欧绿色邮报网报道(记者晨曦)——瑞典专业外国记者协会PROFOCA日前在斯德哥尔摩举办了美国大选选情研讨会。中国驻瑞典大使馆临时代办李军峰出席了研讨会。

瑞典专业外国记者协会墨西哥资深政治记者侯海.纳瓦儒在研讨会上做主旨发言。他就美国总统大选中的两个主要候选人希拉里克林顿和川普的情况做了详细说明。

他说,川普是个地道的商人,他所想的一切都是围绕他的商业帝国来进行的。他年轻时属于那种恃强欺弱的人,现在竞选总统也是为了他的商业利益,如果他上台,这世界的形势就很难预料。

他认为希拉里克林顿是个职业政客。从大学开始就非常活跃,所以,她对国际关系比较熟悉,她获胜的可能性比较大。

关于中国对美国大选的看法,瑞典专业外国记者协会会长陈雪霏说,根据她所阅读的资料和报道,中国大部分学者和外交界的人士都认为希拉里这个人比较靠谱。毕竟她1995年9月世妇会的时候就曾访问过中国,后来也随克林顿访华,与中国接触比较多,可预期性强。而川普似乎对外人来说真不知道他的外交理念会是什么样。如果他当选,世界局势恐怕会令人担忧。因为人们不知道他会采取什么极端措施。他的右翼言论很有可能影响欧洲的右翼分子。对移民问题的强硬态度会导致什么样的结果都是很难预料的。

瑞典专业外国记者协会秘书长瓦瑟曼担心,自由主义倾向使美国陷入一种分崩离析的混乱状态。他也问纳瓦儒是否中国的崛起会导致一些问题,纳瓦儒说,他相信不会,因为从他的研究看,从胡锦涛时代起,中国一直奉行和平崛起,建立和谐世界的理念,现任主席习近平也是沿着这个理念在走。其实,中国才是亚洲真正稳定的力量。

出席研讨会的还有中国驻瑞典大使馆政治部主任翟延平,还有瑞典前驻日本和韩国的大使拉师.瓦约。

瓦约表示,瑞典非常希望希拉里能获胜,他们认为川普如果获胜,世界将会出大问题。

不过正如纳瓦儒说的,不到最后,还不好说,希拉里就能绝对获胜。他最终还是坚信希拉里能获胜,美国大选就剩两天了,鹿死谁手,人们拭目以待。

中欧文化协会和瑞典专业外国记者协会成功举办北欧金秋文艺汇演

北欧绿色邮报网报道(记者晨曦)——由中欧文化协会CECA,瑞典专业外国记者协会PROFOCA和北欧中华网联合举办的北欧金秋文艺汇演5日下午在斯德哥尔摩成功落幕。

unspecified-4中欧文化协会,瑞典专业外国记者协会会长陈雪霏在致辞说,中欧文化协会的宗旨是弘扬中华文化,丰富华人华侨,尤其是华人妇女的业余生活, 促进中瑞之间乃至中欧之间的文化交流。在瑞典,尤其在深秋时节,天越来越黑,让人感到郁闷,因此,在这个时候举办文艺活动能够提高人们的幸福指数。

在时下人们积极关注瑞典东亚博物馆命运的时候,人们更应该多举办活动,多宣传中华文化,同时也与其他文化进行交流,相互促进。

中欧文化协会自2014年4月成立以来已经举办两次文艺汇演。今年春季一次,现在秋季一次,希望北欧之春文艺汇演和北欧金秋文艺汇演在未来成为品牌节目,这次汇演吸引了很多年轻人,为汇演注入活力,得到了各界支持,尤其是得到了家长们的大力支持。

webwxgetmsgimg-3本次汇演以中欧文化协会舞蹈班学员的扇子舞荷塘月色开头,以《我爱你中国》结尾。两个小时的节目观众没有休息,一直聚精会神地欣赏演员们精彩的表演。最后,让李占淳老师又多加两首歌曲。

mwu_4419中国好声音和瑞典电视台Idol节目的参与者Julie Yu的吉他弹唱立即把观众的情绪调动起来,为之热烈地鼓掌。Julie的演唱受到普遍好评。

mwu_4424斯京水立方杯入围冠军夏俊杰的《故乡的云》真的勾起了人们的思乡之情。这首费翔的经典老歌让人百听不厌,夏俊杰的演唱也非常到位。

webwxgetmsgimg-5紧接着是出人意料的姜玛龙同学精彩的肖邦古典音乐钢琴演奏,给人以极大的艺术享受,受到观众的一致好评。

webwxgetmsgimg-6然后是董家俊老师的葫芦丝演奏,《婚誓》和《月光下的凤尾竹》,都是非常受欢迎的经典曲目,反应了中国云南的少数民族文化,乐曲精美如画,让人如醉如痴,身心欢愉。

webwxgetmsgimg-7webwxgetmsgimg-8北欧中国科技艺术中心高颖淑会长演奏了小提琴《梁祝》并演唱了著名的歌曲《青藏高原》,让人领会喜马拉雅山的空旷和深邃。

webwxgetmsgimg-9邢伟涛,尹畅,黄煜烨和齐莫一起表演太极。 吴明拍摄

然后是中欧文化协会太极班四位学员的太极表演。不到一个学期,在功夫大师邢伟涛老师的教导下,学员们已经学会五分钟的陈氏太极。其中还有一名会说中文的西班牙人。由于场地太小,没有安排邢老师展示他的功夫。渴望下次能看到他的绝活!

webwxgetmsgimg-11接下来是瑞典专业外国记者协会秘书长,亚洲电视台,音乐家里克瓦瑟曼演唱一首今年诺贝尔文学奖得主鲍勃.迪伦的著名歌曲《答案在风中飘荡》。

webwxgetmsgimg-10为了让大家能深刻领会,先由专业主持人和播音员江雪燕为大家朗诵了这首歌的歌词,这也是令人深思的诗篇。

瓦瑟曼的演唱也不亚于大名鼎鼎的迪伦,同样的风格,简直就是迪伦第二。他自带音箱,自弹自唱,自己创作的歌曲。他关注环境,他歌唱爱情,他表达痛苦,他也用音乐来抨击时弊。他演唱的是布鲁斯风格的音乐,几乎是职业歌手。

webwxgetmsgimg-12

斯京新秀金瑞灵演唱了著名的歌曲《风之颜色》和《隐藏的翅膀》。

webwxgetmsgimg-13斯京华人盲人长笛演奏家吴晶为大家献上了一中一西两首曲子。她演奏的《春到湘江》,非常优美,令人难忘。

webwxgetmsgimg-1413岁的金欣蕊,本次演出最年轻的演员弹奏了古筝,向在座的中瑞观众展示了中国具有三千多年历史的古老乐器依然被当代人弹奏着。

webwxgetmsgimg-15就在大家以为本次演出快要结束的时候,两位小朋友为大家背诵了三分钟的《论语》,让人感到中华文化后继有人啊!

webwxgetmsgimg-16最后压轴的是李占淳老师的《我爱你中国!》,唱完以后,观众热烈鼓掌,还要求再唱一个。在董家俊老师现场即兴钢琴伴奏下,唱完以后,观众还要求再唱一个。最后是以《在那桃花盛开的时候》结束。其实这些脍炙人口的老歌让人感到非常亲切。

unspecified由方明洁主持的整场晚会起伏跌宕,各种乐器演奏的名家名曲给人以精神上的享受,剧场规模不大,让人能近距离欣赏演员们的演出是非常宝贵的机会,也真的受到观众们的热烈欢迎。演出结束后,笔者接到很多微信祝贺认为演出非常成功。

可惜的是,本来计划来出席演出的中国驻瑞典大使馆领事部主任郭延航和罗锦生领事因为临时在外地有急事要办,未能赶上演出。

mwu_5173出席本次演出的有中瑞生命科学协会和沈阳同乡会会长于江,瑞典华人工商联合会常务副会长夏海龙,纳卡市华人议员刘芳女士,瑞典针灸学术研究学会秘书长张红霞,PROFOCA墨西哥资深政治记者侯海.纳瓦儒等近70人。

本次演出是在与瑞典教育机构Sensus, 瑞典中文教师协会,北欧中国科技艺术中心和瑞典沈阳同乡会的合作与支持下完成的。

预计,北欧之春文艺汇演将在明年4月份举行。

北欧绿色邮报网,摄影 吴明。

 

Lectures on How to Teach Nordics Chinese

By Xuefei Chen Axelsson

STOCKHOLM, Nov. 2(Greenpost)– Warmly welcomed lectures on how to teach Nordics Chinese have been held in Stockholm.

img_1892 The first lecture was given by Dr. Wang Li from Denmark . She talked about her experience on how to teach Chinese  in Denmark, challenges and strategies.

img_1898Professor Zhang Jingxian talked about his experience in how to teach Chinese in Sweden.

webwxgetmsgimg26 people attended the lectures including Xuefei Chen Axelsson, president of China-Europe Cultural Association.

img_1901The lectures were organised by Swedish Chinese Teachers Association and sponsored by Chinese Department of Dalarna University, China-Europe Cultural Association and Sensus in Stockholm on Nov.23, 2016.

The following are the lectures audio

海报信息:北欧金秋文艺汇演将在11月5日举行

                           北欧金秋文艺汇演通知

朋友们!金秋时节,您想听诺贝尔文学奖得主鲍勃.迪伦的著名歌曲《Blowing in the wind》吗? 您想听《Färger I en vind》(风中传奇)吗?您想看功夫大师表演的太极吗?

 

为丰富广大会员业余文化生活,传播正能量,弘扬中华文化,使我们在这里感到温暖,中欧文化协会将和瑞典专业外国记者协会和北欧绿色邮报网在这个金秋时节联合主办北欧金秋文艺汇演。

 

我们特意准备了传统中华文化节目,葫芦丝演奏,傣族舞蹈,长笛演奏,小提琴演奏,男女生独唱,中华太极,扇子舞, 小品等等精彩的节目。

我们有中国功夫大师,也是我们的好老师邢伟涛领衔表演的太极,还有罗老师的拉丁舞。

 

届时您还会听到并亲眼看到参加过中国好声音,水立方和瑞典电视台Idol节目的青年歌手Julie Yu, 斯京水立方杯得主Angela 金瑞灵,长笛演奏家吴晶,美国前CNN有线电视记者瓦瑟曼等。让我们在美丽的斯德哥尔摩金秋相聚在一起。

 

时间:2016年11月5日15:30--18:30

地点:Medborgaplatsen 4, Sensus  Rum 501.一个非常精美的专业小剧场 (绿线地铁到Medborgaplatsen下车) 50人规模。

活动日程:15:30  签到

16:00  演出正式开始

17:30  晚餐盒饭

18:30  活动结束。

费用:100克朗/每人。CHINA-EUROPE CULTURAL ASS (CECA)  Plusgiro: 79 57 45-9, 现金也可以。

主办单位:中欧文化协会,瑞典专业外国记者协会,北欧绿色邮报网(北欧中华网)

支持单位:中国驻瑞典大使馆,Sensus, 瑞典中文教师协会,北欧中国科技艺术中心,瑞典沈阳同乡会

请大家积极报名,微信,chenxuefei7, 电话: 0708261336

联系人:中欧文化协会会长 陈雪霏 0708261336

副会长丹妮 0737177771

秘书长兼会计 厉迪 0700748628

理事 Lily Xu   微信 Lily_Xu0416

 

演员阵容介绍:

DSC_1025DSC_1037DSC_1034DSC_1022

邢伟涛老师,出身少林,功夫高深,由他带领中欧文化协会学员练习陈氏太极真是我们的荣幸。

B18B7298_鍓湰 (1)

DSC_9876

竹笛演奏家吴晶,华人的骄傲。她是盲人利用感应技术参与瑞典皇家交响乐团演出第一人,也是世界上利用该技术的第一人。关于她的纪录片将于11月10日在SVT2 晚上8点播出。图为今年8月在斯德哥尔摩音乐厅也是诺贝尔颁奖大厅演奏。

images-2 aaeaaqaaaaaaaagtaaaajdu3mgrhyzk0ltjkzmitndyzmi1inzjiltlioguxyjixzmzloaJulie Yu 最近刚刚参加瑞典TV4的Idol挑战赛。她曾参加中国好声音,水立方杯总决赛等多项比赛。

photo (6)金瑞灵今年参加了水立方杯总决赛是斯德哥尔摩赛区的亚军。

img_3218

青年才俊夏俊杰水立方杯比赛中获得冠军,几年前也曾参加并获奖。多次在华人聚会或节日登台演出。也曾在瑞典东亚博物馆春节联欢时演出过。

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董家俊老师的葫芦丝,你若看到他家里的葫芦丝乐器,就知道他的水平有多高。多次在华人华侨和多重场合进行过演出。图为4月15日参加北欧之春文艺汇演。

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李占淳老师是研究糖尿病的专家。业余爱好唱歌。图为4月15日北欧之春文艺汇演时演唱《我爱你中国》。

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Victoria Gao从8岁开始练习小提琴,酷爱唱歌和音乐。图为4月15日参加北欧之春文艺汇演。

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里克.瓦瑟曼前CNN记者,音乐专业毕业,布鲁斯风格歌手。与2016诺贝尔文学奖得主鲍勃迪伦同时代人。他会唱迪伦的歌曲《在风中飘荡》。图为4月15日参加北欧之春文艺汇演。电视台专业播音老师江雪燕将朗诵《在风中飘荡》。

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陈雪霏和丹妮4月15日参加北欧之春文艺汇演表演小品。

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方明洁,斯京春晚的主持人,也是4月15日北欧之春文艺汇演的主持人。这次,她还要跳傣族舞。

4月15日北欧之春文艺汇演照片均由庞其铭拍摄。

欢迎您!

中欧文化协会,瑞典专业外国记者协会,北欧绿色邮报网。

 

 

2016 Right Livelihood Awards to be presented on 25 Nov.

 By Xuefei Chen Axelsson
STOCKHOLM, Oct. 25(Greenpost)–The Laureates of this year’s Right Livelihood Award – Syria’s White Helmets, Egyptian activist Mozn Hassan and her organisation Nazra for Feminist Studies, Russian human rights defender Svetlana Gannushkina, and Turkish newspaper Cumhuriyet  will receive their prizes in Stockholm on 25 November 2016.

The award ceremony will take place at the Vasa Museum, a long-term partner of the Right Livelihood Award Foundation and the most visited museum in Scandinavia. It will be followed by a political and public programme for Laureates in Berlin and Geneva, according to a press release from the award foundation.

 “We look forward to celebrating our 2016 Laureates with a high-level programme in Sweden and internationally. However, at this stage, it is uncertain whether all four of our 2016 Laureates will be able to travel to Europe to receive their awards, since Mozn Hassan is under a travel ban imposed by the Egyptian authorities. We hope that these undue restrictions on Ms Hassan’s freedom of movement will be lifted without delay, in recognition of her valuable contributions as a human rights defender,” said Ole von Uexkull, Executive Director of the Right Livelihood Award Foundation.

The award ceremony for some 300 invited guests will be staged next to the grand 16th century ship Vasa. The Right Livelihood Award Laureates share the privilege reserved for Heads of State, Nobel Laureates and other dignitaries to step aboard this historic vessel.

The Laureates will also be received at the Swedish Parliament by members of the parliamentary association in support of the Right Livelihood Award (SÄRLA) which includes representatives from all major political parties, and by the Swedish Minister for Foreign Affairs Margot Wallström.

Following the award ceremony in Stockholm, the Laureates will visit Berlin from 27-29 November, where they meet with the newly established Parliamentary Group for the Right Livelihood Award in the German Bundestag.

The award programme will conclude in Geneva with the annual debate at Maison de la Paix on 30 November, organised in partnership with The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies. The Laureates will also meet with the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Zeid Ra’ad Al Hussein.

RÄDDA ÖSTASIATISKA MUSEET!

SAVE THE MUSEUM OF FAR EASTERN ANTIQUITIES! For English scroll down.

Ann Follin, överintendent vid Statens Museer för Världskultur (SMVK) lämnade den 30 september in ett förslag till omorganisation av SMVK till Kulturdepartementet. Förslaget handlar långsiktigt om att lägga ner Östasiatiska museet, Etnografiska museet och Medelhavsmuseet för att istället skapa ett nytt Världskulturmuseum i Stockholm. Redan idag hotas Östasiatiska museets bibliotek att bli av med sina lokaler, då förhandlingar redan förs med en ny hyresgäst av dess lokaler.

Östasiatiska museet har unika samlingar och är sedan grundandet internationellt välkänt. Det vore en nationell tragedi om museet slogs samman med de andra två museerna för att bilda ett nytt Världskulturmuseum. Museet riskerar att tappa sin identitet och den forskning och kunskap som finns kring dess föremål riskerar att gå förlorad för all framtid.

Vi som skriver under detta upprop vill att Östasiatiska museet ska finnas kvar i sin nuvarande form och lokaler med sina unika samlingar och sitt unika bibliotek. Det får inte bli en anonym del av ett Världskulturmuseum i Stockholm. Vi vill också att Östasiatiska museet åter skall få en museidirektör med djupa kunskaper om Östasiens kultur och museets samlingar. Museet skulle då åter bli en samlingspunkt för Östasien-forskningen i Sverige med fokus på konst, konsthantverk, historia och humaniora i det dåtida, nutida och framtida Östasien, en region som blivit allt viktigare att förstå ur ett globalt perspektiv, både politiskt och ekonomiskt.

Vill du hjälpa till ytterligare? Sprid länken till uppropet http://upprop.nu/NYDN och använd även gärna hashtagen #räddaöstasiatiskamuseet i sociala medier. Gå gärna in på Facebook-sidan Rädda Östasiatiska museet och ‘gilla’ den – www.facebook.com/raddaostasiatiska

In English

On September 30th, Ann Follin, Director of ‘Statens Museer för Världskultur’ (SMVK), ‘The State Museums for World Culture’ delivered a report to the Ministry of Culture. The report contains a long-term plan to close the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, The Ethnographical Museum and the Museum of Mediterranean and Near Eastern Antiquities and merge them into a new ‘Världskulturmuseum’ or World Culture Museum. At this point the library of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, one of the most comprehensive in northern Europe, is threatened with imminent partial closure as discussions are already being held with a new potential tenant.

The collections of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities are unique and well known internationally since its foundation in 1926. It would be a tragedy if the museum were to be merged with the other two museums to form a new Museum of World Culture. The Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities would not only risk losing its identity but also the research and knowledge borne from its collections. The library would risk being boxed away and lost indefinitely.

Through signing this petition we request that The Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities remain in its present form and premises with its unique collections and library and not to become part of the World Culture Museum in Stockholm. We also request that The Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities is once again given an experienced Museum Director with extensive and deep knowledge of the field and of the museum collections. The museum would once again be a centre for research of East Asia with focus on art, history and humanities of the past, present and future. Now more than ever it is important to learn about East Asia, a region very much in focus in a global perspective, both politically and economically.

 

Would you like to help? Spread the word by sharing the link to the petitionhttp://upprop.nu/NYDN and the hash tag #savemfea in social media. ‘Like’ us onwww.facebook.com/raddaostasiatiska

Initiativtagare: Rädda Östasiatiska Museet

 

 

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一千多人参加2016瑞典绿色建筑大会

北欧绿色邮报网报道(记者陈雪霏)--为期四天的2016瑞典绿色建筑大会于17日-20日在斯德哥尔摩召开,17日当天主要是瑞典绿色建筑理事会成员组织开会。18日和19日是对公众开放日。20日进行各种参观。

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瑞典绿色建筑理事会主席本特.王格伦说,理事会有很多解决办法。目前在瑞典建绿色建筑,零能耗建筑已经成为一个趋势。是否人们要建本地供应能源的房子呢?我们的选择将导致零排放。

由于巴黎气候大会的承诺,瑞典绿色建筑理事会正在准备颁发两种证书。一个是环境建筑,一个是城市实验室。

斯德哥尔摩环境学院主任约翰也参加了会议并做主旨发言。他说,气候变化迫在眉睫,绿色建筑是减缓气候变化的一个重要方面。

他呼吁人们要多建绿色建筑,把节能环保放在首位。

img_1863   斯德哥尔摩绿色建筑大会也吸引了很多公司。例如,有贴膜降温防光技术,只要用一种塑料膜贴到窗户玻璃外面就可以防止强光进入室内,这样就不用太多空调。

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斯堪斯卡是瑞典著名的房地产开发公司,专门建住宅的。负责人告诉记者,他们现在的项目是叫“深绿住房”。就是从里到外不但要实现零排放,还要有可能产生剩余能源。那就是用上所有的办法,例如大面积使用太阳能,在屋顶和墙壁都可能使用太阳能,然后,用数字方法计算能量。要实现垃圾全部回收,污水全部处理回收。厕所和厨房用水分开,中水回用,或者利用雨水。节能方面要多在建筑材料上下功夫。img_1870

另外,斯德哥尔摩现在正在实行一个城市实验室的网络课程,专门培训人们有关节能环保方面的知识。相互学习可持续发展理念和实践。

今年的研讨会主要探讨了在节能环保方面的挑战。人们发现,最重要的方法还是多联系,多交流,让客户参与其中是最好的办法。

中国烹饪世界大赛「首登」欧洲

北欧绿色邮报网发自荷兰的报道:

马克思曾这样评价道,“1648年的荷兰,已经达到了商业繁荣的顶点”。于是,东起中国广州湾,西抵荷兰鹿特丹,海上丝绸之路源远流长,长盛不衰,因而荷兰公认为“欧洲的门户”,“欧洲的桅杆”。如今————

海上丝绸之路西端久居全球第一大港城鹿特丹精彩纷呈

中国烹饪世界大赛「首登」欧洲

作者 荷兰 张卓辉

素有「中餐奥林匹克」赛事之称的第八届中国烹饪世界大赛于今年9月19日至21日,由国务院侨务办公室支持、世界中餐业联合会主办、全荷华人华侨联合总会(LFCON,下称:荷华联会)承办,在荷兰欧洲著名港口城市鹿特丹AHOY国际会展中心隆重举行。

国侨办鼎力支持

中国驻荷兰王国大使吴恳、领事部主任蒋华,荷兰鹿特丹市长AhmedAboutaleb,世界中餐业联合会会长杨柳、秘书长尚哈玲,第八届中国烹饪世界大赛执委会主席、荷华联会主席王剑光,李锦记企业事务执行副总裁孔君道、荷兰卡仙奴(Holland Casino) CEO 总裁Erwinvan Lambaart、荷兰政府部门代表、荷兰侨领代表以及来自全球23个国家和地区的48支参赛队伍出席了9月19日上午的大赛开幕式。

总部设在北京的世界中餐业联合会秘书长尚哈玲在开幕式上宣读了国务院侨办的贺信。信中表示,希望大赛执委会以本次大赛为契机,广泛团结荷兰侨社,发挥整体力量,致力于提升大赛水平、扩大大赛影响、展现中餐行业形象、稳步提高中餐行业地位,为弘扬中华饮食文化,增进中荷两国友谊交流作出积极贡献。

国务院侨务办公室谭天星副主任早于2016年3月7日,在京国侨办会见了世界中餐业联合会监事会主席武力、秘书长尚哈玲。双方就共同推进“中餐繁荣计划”进行了亲切友好的会谈,并为此提出建议。他表示,双方要紧紧围绕“中餐繁荣计划”,弘扬中华饮食文化、推动海外侨社建设,推进侨社公共外交。他提出,第八届中国烹饪世界大赛是提升海外中餐烹饪技艺的重要平台,有关各方要开拓创新、科学策划、认真筹备,真正让这次大赛为繁荣世界各国中餐业留下经验和成果,推动中华文化“走出去”,为提升中国软实力发挥更大的作用。

作为欧洲门户,荷兰不仅是欧盟中的贸易大国,也是海外华人华侨的重要汇聚地,中餐发展在欧洲处于较高水平目前荷兰有两千多家中餐馆,餐饮是荷兰华人的支柱产业,也为当地经济发展做出了重要贡献。于是,荷华侨界总动员起来,本届大赛由荷华联会承办,荷兰的(冠首类推)中饮公会、中厨协会、新东方美食协会、中国总商会、温州同乡会、东方美食协会、欧陆国际旅游社、瑞安教育基金会、中国企业家联营公司、华人总会、青田同乡会、国际商会、欧洲侨爱基金会、旅荷华侨总会、欧洲浙商联合总会等单位联合协办。

誉「中餐奥林匹克」

中国烹饪世界大赛每四年举办一届,享有餐饮界「奥林匹克」的美誉,是目前全球规模最大,覆盖范围最广,最具影响力的中餐比赛。自1992年以来,此赛事已经先后在上海(两届),东京,吉隆坡,广州,北京,新加坡市等亚洲国家与地区已经举行了七届比赛,今年是届第一次登陆欧洲国家。进而,极大地促进了中国烹饪文化和技术的交流与提升,对中餐业的发展产生了重要影响。以厨会友促进行业交流,推动中餐文化国际化传播。

世餐联作为中国政府管理的行业发展国际组织,旨在为全世界超过50万家中餐企业服务,并作为中国政府海外中餐繁荣计划的重要平台和推手,致力于海外中餐行业标准建立和品牌企业扶持。世界中餐业联合会会长杨柳女士在本大赛开幕式上致辞说:「经过七届大赛的精心打造,中国烹饪世界大赛已经成为全球中餐领域规模最大,层次最高,影响最广的烹饪赛事,被行业称之为「中餐奥林匹克」大赛。应该说,大赛已经成为举办城市提升品牌,加强国际交流合作的重要平台。」

“首次登陆荷兰的中国烹饪世界大赛,是十几万旅居荷兰侨胞多年来的共同心愿,”荷华联会会长暨本届大赛执委会主席王剑光说,“大赛对推动和弘扬中国的饮食文化,助推中荷经贸关系都将起到很重要的作用。”

“大赛充分展示了世界中餐发展的最新成果,搭建各地中餐厨师之间相互交流与学习的平台,启发中餐的创意,碰撞思想的火花,”中国驻荷兰大使吴恳阐述,“相信大赛对提升荷兰乃至欧洲的中餐水平,增进中外文化的交流产生积极而深远的影响,增进中荷两国人民之间的理解和信任,夯实中荷友好和互利合作的基础。”

中国和荷兰的关系起源于16世纪。大约在100年前第一个中国人来到了鹿特丹,1920年鹿特丹又出现了第一家中餐馆,所以荷兰人对中国人,对中国食物和中国贸易都非常熟悉,此外,鹿特丹还与中国上海是姐妹城市。鹿特丹市长艾哈迈德Aboutaleb代表荷兰政府热烈祝贺本次大赛能在鹿特丹举行。他热情赞扬华人积极融入当地社会,把美妙的中餐带给荷兰人民,为鹿特丹的城市发展作出了巨大贡献,同时也为中荷两国政治及经济关系的发展增加了活力。

不爱红妆爱厨装

在三天比赛中,来自各国的优秀中餐厨师各显神通,充分展示了世界中餐发展的最新成果。参赛的代表队多数来自国内,但来自美国,日本,韩国,新加坡,法国,英国,荷兰,比利时和瑞典等国的参赛队伍也不断为大赛带来惊喜。按照比赛规则,每个参赛队需在规定的150分钟内,完成冷菜,热菜,甜品及面点等八道作品的现场制作。由于时间并不充裕,比赛开始后,参赛选手都立即进入紧张状态,忙而不乱,出神入化的刀工和美不胜收的造型让观众拍手叫绝:无型诗篇,立体画卷。许多观众都围着操作台仔细观看,看选手选用哪种食材,如何制作,还时不时地和大厨们讨论几句。更有业内人士「专看门道」,把赛场当成了取经的好机会。一位来自国内的大厨就围着来自美国的代表队看了又看,一问之下才知道,他所在的集团已在国外投资创办饭店,他希望能多多了解海外的代表队是如何实现「中西合璧」的。

荷兰本土共有14支代表队伍参加本届大赛,其中的“新东方餐饮协会荷兰女子创意队”是大赛有史以来首支女子代表队,荣获本届大赛团体银奖。当创意队的选手遇上中国(北京)名厨董振祥(大董) 时,他们立刻热火朝天地聊了起来,在一起讨论交流什么是好的美食、好的中华料理。

有不少观众惊奇地发现,许多参赛作品与中国传统意义上的中餐大不相同。除了量小以外,就是外型看起来不像中餐,经专家介绍这种发展趋势可称为「中餐国际范儿」。简而言之为在保持中餐味道的基础上,吸收了西餐的一些摆盘技巧和制作手法,以使中餐易于为外国朋友所喜爱。所以,这次中国烹饪世界大赛主要比的是两项,一是味道,二是造型,归根结底谓:色香味俱全为上品。

当东方遇见西方

经过3日激烈角逐,共48支参赛队,总分团体“金杯”级别的有19队:最终益海嘉里餐饮发展,新东方餐饮协会荷兰青年队,中粮福临门,中国全聚德集团,法国亚洲餐饮联合总会代表队获得前五名。花舍咖餐,湖北醉江月,台厨盟开平联队,荷兰中国总商会,比利时国际烹饪联合总会,新加坡中厨协会,安徽新华教育集团,全荷华人社团联合会一队等代表队获得团体金奖。台湾紫金堂,比利时中华商会,秘鲁福临门大酒楼等代表队获得银奖,日本东京中华料理,奥地利华人餐饮服务总会等代表队获得团体最佳味道奖,全美中餐业联盟,荷兰中厨协会A队等代表队获得团体最佳创意奖,韩国中餐文化交流协会3队,德国中餐交流会等代表队获得最佳呈现奖。

这次大赛,分成三个奖项,分别是三钻金奖、四钻金奖和五钻金奖,比赛多数以个人餐馆或集团名义参加,并不像过往的以餐饮社团的名义进行。荷兰参赛选手方面,刘海跃代表的皇城酒楼、林建国代表的新中国酒楼分别获得个人赛的五钻金奖,这是这次比赛的最高荣誉奖项;而李高兵代表的食为天酒楼得了三钻金奖,由叶海腾、刘海跃、李高兵和刘化刊组队的、代表叶海腾的“劼韵轩酒楼”同样获得的是三钻金奖。这次大赛让大家见识不少,相互学习,对提高海外中餐厨艺,加强中西饮食文化交流大有裨益。

此次活动,除了烹饪大赛,美食论坛和厨艺展示,还举行了中国及欧洲食品展览,多家中国及欧洲著名食品供应商参加,展示他们的产品和创意。对于参观此次活动的公众来说,他们不但能够享受全球最高水平的中国美食盛宴,领略顶尖的烹饪艺术,还能了解中国厨艺的最新潮流和未来发展趋势。

参加这次比赛的全世界400多名厨师中,绝大部分亚洲人,只有三位欧洲人,Edwin Vinke是其中之一。他作为一个荷兰人,对于选择荷兰为大赛的主办国喜闻乐见。但是,他知道中国人的烹调技艺和原材料,跟西方人有很大的不同,他们能够用鸡屁股、猪耳朵和骨髓做出很美味的菜肴,因此,他也使用荷兰Zeeland的贝类海产制作佳肴。他是深知中国烹调技艺神奇的人,他特别感兴趣留意中国人处理食材的手法,如何用特别的香料腌制,如何使用铁锅烹制。甚至,中国人的刀工也是他认为值得学习借鉴的部分,“他们用刀,和欧洲厨师完全不一样。”此外,中餐的发酵方法,也令他着迷。牛排和鹅肝酱、姜味的巧克力甜点、奶酪配炸虾,这就是在这次大赛上出现的菜式。据一位中国厨师介绍,现代中国的年轻一代,对于西方食品已经不陌生,因此,中西合璧的菜式也受到了青年一代的青睐。

大赛还设有“东方遇见西方——2016中欧餐饮领袖高峰论坛与顶级名厨厨艺大观”等多项活动。世界中餐业联合会常务副会长邢颖、第八届中国烹饪世界大赛执委会副主席邵建波、荷兰食品酒业协会会长Janvan Lissum、皇家御膳制作技艺第五代传人行斌、江苏海天餐饮(集团)股份有限公司董事长秦雷等悉数亮相,擦出思想的火花。中国享誉国际的大董、李权超、王海东,荷兰米其林二星名厨Edwin Vinke、法国的米其林一星主厨 Loïc Villemin 、比利时米其林二星名厨FilipClaeys也一展身手,以技艺比拼、美食交流为媒介,把最顶尖的中华美味呈现给世界。与此同时,大赛特刊编委会将编制出版图文并茂,彩色精装的《第八届中国烹饪世界大赛特刊》。

作为荷兰侨界,首次在欧洲举办这么盛大的世界中餐大赛,实属罕见。四年前大会主席王剑光从新加坡接过第八届大赛旗帜后,就开始了筹备初期工作,至到最后几个月冲刺,筹备完毕,大赛开赛,从没有经验到摸索前进,做到圆满成功。这背后有多少酸甜苦辣,无人所知,多位幕后侨领和义工们的付出没有白费。值得一提的是欧洲华人华侨妇女联合总会常务副主席兼秘书长、广州市侨联海外顾问暨荷中商务文教交流协会会长熊国秀近一年内三次自费飞广州与广州侨联商讨,成功邀请了由中国侨联与广州市侨联共同组织的“亲情中华”国家一级演员艺术团专场为9月18日在鹿特丹世贸中心举行的中荷欢迎晚宴晚会上献上了一场高水平的专业艺术表演,为大赛策划了光彩夺目的升级版序幕,精彩的节目赢得了在场嘉宾的阵阵掌声。

熊国秀还处处替大会着想,艺术团15人,所有国际机票、在荷兰三天的食宿、交通及活动,都想法让国内或其他赞助商赞助,为大会紧缺经费的情况下省却艺术团出资数目。广州侨联副主席兼团长卢启明特意代表侨联打算在晚会送上侨联的纪念品给熊国秀,她都婉言谢绝当众表扬送纪念品,还是默默地做事。此次大赛活动,筹委会组织了多个部门,熊国秀部门负责欢迎晚宴、开幕式、颁奖大会、闭幕式的舞台系列细节工作,同时还是大会义工部的负责人之一,大赛期间,她和义工们最早到现场、最晚离开现场,还负责义工现场培训。

正因为包括她在内,有这么一群默默奉献的幕后英雄,他们为大赛群策群力,做好各项工作,不仅出力还自掏腰包赞助大会经费。荷兰的多个侨团及华人华侨,集思广益,团结一心,为世界餐饮业精心准备了三天的中餐盛宴。他们用实际行动,不仅向世界诠释了中华饮食文化的精髓,更向世界展示中国传统文化的丰富内涵:兄弟同心,其利断金。

此次大赛在欧洲的成功举办,为今后海外中餐推广提供了经验。第九届大赛将会在很多方面进行尽一步完善和创新,努力让大赛更加国际化,适应海外中餐发展的新形势,成为传播和弘扬中国美食和文化的新渠道。

中瑞友谊万古长青 东方之韵北欧行--耿莹率团访问瑞典

北欧绿色邮报网报道(记者陈雪霏)--正在此间访问瑞典的新中国首任驻瑞典大使耿飚的长女,中国华夏文化遗产基金会会长耿莹说,她这次访问瑞典的主要目的一个是访问问候父亲的老朋友,一个是探讨未来的中瑞之间的文化交流与合作。

“我这次来带着女儿,孙子和我创立的华夏文化基金会的同仁,就是希望中瑞友谊世代友好,万古长青,传承父辈的友谊,推动下一代的深度合作与交流。”

dsc_3423她是7日上午在斯德哥尔摩访问瑞典前外交部长,前国际原子能机构总干事,前联合国伊拉克核查小组组长汉斯.布利克斯先生时说这番话的。

布利克斯先生和夫人在家中热情地接待了耿莹一行。

布利克斯向耿莹会长介绍了他与耿莹的父亲,前国务院副总理耿飚的交往。那是1979年5月,耿飚率团访问瑞典时,时任瑞典首相费尔丁和时任外交部长布利克斯热情地接待他们的情景。

dsc_3444宾主落座以后,耿莹说,她这次来访有两个目的,一个是遵从父亲生前的嘱托,对她父亲的老朋友进行访问和感谢,另一个目的就是探索如何能够进行更深入的文化交流。

耿莹说,因为我是个画家,所以对文化交流有浓厚兴趣。由于各种历史和现代原因,无论是对传统文化还是对自然环境都有所破坏,急需修复和保护。这也是文化遗产基金会的愿景和使命。

dsc_3437布利克斯说,我对您的观点非常赞赏。在我看来,人类对自然环境的影响太大,造成的气候变化已经对人类的生存与发展构成严重威胁,因此,人类必需积极行动,减少对环境和气候的影响。多年来,他一直关注教育,尤其是对女童的教育,因为如果女童受到良好的教育,那么,人口的增长率会自然下降,人口迅速增长对环境的压力就会减小。

布利克斯说,他也多次去中国,他积极支持中国和平利用核能,但他提醒一定要注意精益求精,不能出事故。另一方面,无论发生什么,底线就是保持和平。和平解决一切争端,即使是他最担心的朝鲜半岛问题,他也希望中国,美国,俄罗斯,日本和韩国要确保地区和平,积极和谈。即使是南海问题,他也希望保持和平,不希望有任何战争。他列举叙利亚的例子,战争造成生灵涂炭,瑞典不得不接收很多难民。

dsc_3568耿莹说,中国是一个爱好和平的国家,中国和平崛起的决心是坚决的。关于南海问题,中国的态度是坚决的,南海历来属于中国。但是,南海有关国家应该坐下来,和平解决问题,共同开发。

布利克斯先生说,多年来,他一直关注中国的发展,看到中国人民的生活水平不断提高,他感到由衷的高兴。能和老朋友的家人在家里见面更让他感到非常高兴。他说,文化就是软实力,几个世纪以前中国的文化就在世界上很有影响力,那时的中国瓷器,茶叶都在世界上非常有影响力。现在,中国的饮食文化也非常有影响力。

下午,耿莹一行会见了瑞典医学家,妇女社会与和平活动家安德烈(Andrea Andreen)的侄女马格纳.安德烈.萨荷思(Magna Andreen Sachs)。

dsc_3748耿莹说,这是我第一次来瑞典,这里曾经是我父亲工作过的地方,60多年过去了,我想代他走访一下帮助过他的瑞典老朋友。第二,因为我一直在做文化遗产的保护和抢救工作,所以想考察一下是否今后能进行更有深度的文化交流。今天能见到你感到非常高兴,首先我想代表我的父亲对您的姑姑安德烈表示非常感谢。

“新中国刚成立不久,我父亲作为将军被派来担任首任驻瑞典大使。后来,发生了朝鲜战争,中国叫抗美援朝。在朝鲜战争中,美国用细菌来打细菌战。因为中国刚刚成立,中国人的话不被人信任,也不被人认可。在这种情况下,我父亲找到了你的姑姑。安德烈女士不愧为是科学家。敢于说真话,揭 露真相。由于她们的调查,在调查中发现,朝鲜当地的农民也受到影响,因为得了鼠疫,另外我们的战士,也有在卫生院里因为细菌感染了病,所以,科学家的调查挽救了志愿军,说了真话,世界人民都相信,安德烈做了一件对世界都非常有益的和平举动。她支持了中国的正义,我在这里替我父亲向她表示感谢。另一个是这次能见到你,和你交谈,就是想让你知道,中华民族是一个知道感恩的民族。所以,时隔60年,我们依然记得这件事情,这也是我们表达感谢的方式。

dsc_3704萨荷思女士说,听您这么说,我真感到很温暖。我真希望安德烈也能在这里亲耳听到这些话。

她说,安德烈其实是和其他科学家一起去朝鲜战场调查的。回来后写了很多报道,有一年时间在北欧进行演讲宣传这个结果。

安德烈.萨荷思女士是卡罗林斯卡医学院的高级顾问。她于去年和另一个堂妹一起合写了一本书名字叫《为了生命的缘故--安德雷亚.安德烈》(Andrea Andreen),讲述了安德烈的一生。其中有一章讲述了她在1953年和其他五名科学家一起到朝鲜战场上去检查是否美国军队使用细菌战的事实。

dsc_3753耿莹说,事后听我父亲说,周恩来总理后来给瑞典国王写过信, 说安德烈女士的做法挽救了世界和平,反对细菌战,这是个非常伟大的女性。

耿莹说,中国人选择了与自然同在。 所以中国人选择的路与西方的不同,中国人有5000年历史,有13亿人。就是靠中草药和一根银针。听说你在卡罗林斯卡工作作顾问。我想将来我们可以在中医方面进行合作,你们可以派学生学习中医。

dsc_3585耿莹一行此前还访问了中国驻瑞典大使馆,拜见了陈育明大使,还参观了最近刚刚揭牌的斯德哥尔摩中国文化中心和使馆文化处。

dsc_3617原来使馆文化处就是耿飚大使当年担任首任大使时工作和生活的地方。文化参赞和文化中心主任浦正东夫妇接待了耿莹一行。

dsc_3641站在壁炉前,坐在当年父亲住过的地方,耿莹心情很激动,感慨万千。dsc_3666出来时,她还顺手捡起一些落在地上的红叶,仿佛了了一个心愿,念叨着如果再去祭吊父亲的时候,可以告诉他,她来过这里了。红叶为证,青山依旧在。

在此期间陪同访问的还有北欧时报社长何儒,中欧文化协会会长北欧绿色邮报主编陈雪霏,瑞典华人工商联合会常务副会长王俞力。

今日头条:美国伟大诗人鲍勃.迪伦获2016诺贝尔文学奖

北欧绿色邮报网报道(记者陈雪霏)--13日下午,瑞典文学院常务秘书达纽斯教授宣布2016年诺贝尔文学奖得主是鲍勃.迪伦因为他为伟大的美国歌曲传统带来了全新的诗意表达方式。

dsc_3929

瑞典文学院常务秘书萨拉.达纽斯接受采访。  陈雪霏拍摄

就在宣布之前,人们还在谈论非洲作家或者是日本的春上春树呢。但是,以鲍勃.迪伦的知名度,人们真是不惊讶。只是惊讶诺贝尔文学奖也包括歌手,词作者这样的诗人。但是,当记者专访达纽斯秘书长时,她说,为什么迪伦获奖?这很简单,因为他是一位伟大的诗人。说他是伟大的诗人,你可以想到,例如古希腊的诗人荷马。荷马史诗就是写出来用来读,用来表演的。尽管荷马当时可能并没有想到2500年之后,我们依然在读他的诗。而迪伦的诗,虽然人们一开始是听出来的,但是读他的诗也是很好的。

dsc_3949

迪伦出生于1941年5月24日,在明尼苏达州。他在10几岁的时候,就开始唱歌。他最让人难忘的是那首《在风中飘荡》。

dsc_3950一个男人要走过多少条路,才能被称为一个男人,

一只白鸽要越过多少大海,才能在沙滩上长眠,

炮弹在天上要飞多少次,才能被永远禁止。

答案,我的朋友,在风中飘荡。

答案在风中飘荡。

是啊,一座山要存在多少年,才能被冲向大海,

是啊,一些人要生存多少年才能获得自由,

是啊,一个人能转头多少次假装他只是没看见,

答案,我的朋友,在风中荡漾,答案在风中飘荡,

是啊,一个人要抬头多少次,才能够看见天空,

是啊,一个人要有多少耳朵,才能听见人们哭泣,

是啊,到底要话费多少生命,他才能知道太多人死亡,

答案,我的朋友,在风中飘荡,答案在风中飘荡。

dsc_3952迪伦是一位获得过各种奖项的著名歌星,其歌曲因为有深刻的哲理和对政治,社会,宗教问题的关注而充满社会意义。

达纽斯建议读者可以阅读他的自传。该书描写了60年代,迪伦在文化圈的重要地位。

dsc_3951消息一出,很多人立即开始找出迪伦的歌曲视频来。相信这次诺贝尔文学奖再次吸引了世界人民的眼球,也吸引世界人民的耳朵。

人们或许因为迪伦对诺贝尔奖有近一步的认识。原来它是很宽泛的。形式多样的。只要是伟大的作品。

在诺贝尔奖网站上,引用了诺贝尔遗嘱的一段话。利息将被平分成五份,其中一份要发给在文学领域在一个理想的方向上生产出最杰出作品的人。

今年发布的是第113位获奖者。目前诺贝尔网站上最受欢迎的文学奖得主是泰戈尔,斯坦贝克,马尔克斯,海明威,福克纳,阿丽克塞耶维奇,丘吉尔等。

目前已经发布109个奖,其中14人是女性。最年轻的是41岁,最年老的是88岁。平均年龄65岁。
诺贝尔奖将在12月10日颁布。由瑞典国王颁发。和平奖将在挪威首都奥斯陆颁发。
图文/陈雪霏
北欧绿色邮报版权所有。